银杏内酯 B 对急进高原致大鼠空间记忆障碍的保护作用

目的探索银杏内酯B对大鼠急性低压低氧所致大脑空间记忆形成与保持能力的影响。方法80只SD大鼠随机分为5组：平原组（对照组，n=16）、急进海拔6000m组（6000m组，n=16）、急进海拔6000In不同剂量银杏内酯B给药组（6000m＋3、6、12mg·kg^-1组，每组n=16）。实验分为两部分，实验Ⅰ：大鼠急进高原损伤在Morris水迷宫定位导航实验与空间探索实验之间，实验Ⅱ：大鼠急进高原损伤之后进行Morris水迷宫定位导航实验和空间探索实验。两部分实验使用不同的大鼠，统计分析各实验组大鼠逃避潜伏期、游泳总路程、60S内穿越平台次数和目标象限滞留时间。结果实验Ⅰ中，预先给予6、12mg·kg^-1银杏内酯B组大鼠较6000m组60s内穿越平台次数显著增多（P〈0．05），目标象限滞留时间显著增长（P〈0．05、P〈0．01），而给予3mg·kg^-1剂量组较6000m组无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。实验Ⅱ中，预先给予6、12mg·kg^-1银杏内酯B组大鼠较6000m组第7天平均逃避潜伏期显著缩短（P〈0．05、P〈0．01），平均游泳总路程显著缩短（P〈0．05、P〈0．01），60s内穿越平台次数显著增多（P〈0．05、P〈0．01），目标象限滞留时间显著增长（P〈0．05），而给予3mg·kg^-1剂量组较6000m组无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论银杏内酯B可有效改善急进高原大鼠空间记忆的形成与保持能力。

Protective Effect of Ginkgolide B on Spatial Memory Impairment Induced by Rapid Ascent to High Altitude in Rats

Objective To investigate the effect of ginkgolide B on the formation and retention of spatial memory in a ratg brain induced by acute hypobaric hypoxia. Methods A total of 80 Sprague-Dawley rats were ran-domly divided into five groups：the plain group （control group, n = 16）, rapid ascent to 6000 meters group （6000 m group, n = 16 ） and the groups of rapid ascent to 6000 meters and given different doses of ginkgo/ide B （6000 m ＋3,6 and 12 mg ·kg^-1 groups, n = 16 in each group）. The experiment was divided into two parts that used different rats. In Part Ⅰ , the rapid ascent to high altitude was between navigation test and space exploration test in Morris water maze. In Part Ⅱ, after the rapid ascent to high altitude, Morris navigation test and space explo-ration test were conducted. For each group, the escape latency （s）, path-length （cm） to find the platform, number of times of crossing the former platform location and swimming time in the target quadrant within 60 s were statisti-cally analyzed. Results In Part Ⅰ ,in the pretreatment with ginkgolide B 6,12 mg ·kg^-1 groups,the number of times of crossing the former platform location within 60 s was significantly increased （ P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.05 ）, so was swimming time in the target quadrant within 60 s（ P 〈0.05, P 〈0.01 ） compared to the 6000 m group. In Part 1], in the pretreatment with ginkgolide B 6,12 mg·kg^-1 groups,the average escape latency on the 7th day was significantly shortened （ P 〈0.05, P 〈0.01）,so was the average path-length to find the platform （ P 〈0.05, P 〈0.01）,while the number of times of crossing the former platform location within 60 s was significantly increased （ P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0. 01 ） ,like swimming time in the target quadrant within 60 s （ P 〈 0. 05, P 〈 0.05） compared to the 6000 m group. Conclusion Ginkgolide B can effectively improve the formation and retention of spatial memory in a rats＇brain after rapid ascent to high altitude.