儿童肺炎链球菌对β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类和氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物敏感性研究

目的了解2002 2004年北京儿童医院门诊5岁以下呼吸道感染儿童鼻咽拭子中分离出的肺炎链球菌,对β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类和氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物的耐药性。方法使用E试验法(E-test)对114株肺炎链球菌进行抗菌药物的敏感性试验。结果114株肺炎链球菌对青霉素不敏感率为36%,对阿莫西林/棒酸全部敏感,对头孢菌素中头孢曲松不敏感率为6.1%,头孢呋辛为30.7%,头孢克洛为29%,大环内酯类耐药率在90%左右,全部菌株对氟喹诺酮类敏感。结论儿童肺炎链球菌对青霉素和头孢二代抗菌药物不敏感率为29%~36%,对大环内酯类耐药在90%左右,未发现对氟喹诺酮类耐药菌株。

Resistance of Streptococcus Pneumoniae to β-lactams Macrolides and Fluoroquinolone among Children

Objective To investigate resistance to β-lactams,macrolides and fluoroquinolone in carriage isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in nasopharynx among children under 5 with respiratory infection who attended a general outpatient department at Beijing Children's Hospital from 2002 to 2004.Methods Antimicrobials sensitivity testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae E-test methods and the results were analyzed according to NCCLS(2002).Results Resistance of pneumococci to penicillin was 36%,amoxycillin/clavulanate was 0%, ceftriaxone was 6.1%,cefaclor was 29%,cefuroxime was 30.7%,macrolides were around 90%,and fluoroquinolone were 0%.Conclusion Non-susceptible to penicillin and the second cephalosporin of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates among children ranged from 29%～36%,and to macrolides were about 90%.