骨骼肌的中医五藏归属

"脾主身之肌肉"是指脾藏化生水谷精微营养全身的骨骼肌及其辅助装置,但骨骼肌的功能并非只属于脾藏。基于中西医学研究对象的一致性,从解剖学找到全身骨骼肌的分布部位及其功能,并将这些功能与中医五藏的功能做对比,认为骨骼肌的功能应分属于中医脾藏的运化、在体合肉和固定升提功能,肺藏的司呼吸功能,肾藏的主水主生殖功能,肝藏的主疏泄调情志功能和心藏的主藏神功能。即,参与消化的骨骼肌属于主运化的脾藏;产生肌力肌紧张维持躯体运动与姿势的骨骼肌属于在体合肉的脾藏;产生张力固定内脏、支撑皮肤的筋膜属于具有固定升提功能的脾藏。参与呼吸的骨骼肌属于司呼吸的肺藏;参与排尿和分娩的骨骼肌属于主水主生殖的肾藏;参与表达情感的骨骼肌归属于主疏泄调情志的肝藏;参与表达精神活动的骨骼肌归属于主藏神的心藏。

Attribution of skeletal muscle to the five zang organs in TCM

The function of "the spleen governing muscles" refers to the function of spleen to produce essence of grain and water to nourish muscles and other affiliated parts all over the whole body. However, the functions of skeletal muscles are not solely governed by the spleen.In this article,the distribution and functions of skeletal muscles in the whole body are observed according to anatomy,then these functions are compared with those of the five zang organs in TCM. The functions of skeletal muscles are supported by the physiological functions of the five organs, i.e. transportation, transformation and fixing and lifting tendency of the spleen(manifested as muscle), the respiratory function of the lung, water metabolism and reproductive function of the kidney, free flow of qi and emotions governed by the liver, and housing shen(mental activity) of the heart. To be more specific,the skeletal muscles involved in digestion corresponds with the spleen’s function of transportation and transformation.The skeletal muscles that produce muscular strength and muscular tension to maintain body movement and posture are in accordance with the spleen’s function of governing muscles in five body constituents. The fascial functions that produce tension to fix the organs and support the skin belong to the fixing and lifting function of the spleen. The skeletal muscles involved in breathing correspondto the lung’s function of governing respiration.The skeletal muscles related to urination and delivery are in accordance to the kidney’s function of governing water metabolism and reproduction.The skeletal muscles involved in the expression of emotions are related to the liver which controls free flow of qi and emotions. The skeletal muscles involved in the manifestation of spiritual activities correspond to the heart’s function of housing shen(mental activity).