湖南省农村集中式供水末梢水微生物指标分析

目的了解湖南省农村集中式供水微生物污染状况,探讨有效防治措施,为改善农村集中式供水水质提供依据。方法按国家有关水质检验标准对2011年湖南省93个县(区)2 006处农村集中式供水点的饮用水水质进行监测,统计分析不同条件对水质微生物指标的影响。结果 4 012份农村集中式供水末梢水微生物指标合格率为40.28%,不同水处理工艺、水源类型的集中式供水微生物指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),枯水期微生物指标合格率优于丰水期(P<0.001),菌落总数与浑浊度呈正相关。结论微生物指标合格率与集中式供水水处理工艺、水源类型等多种因素有关,提示要提高农村集中式供水水质,应完善水质净化工艺,加强水厂卫生管理,提高水源防护力度,同时在农村进一步普及卫生健康教育。

Analysis of Microbial Indexes in Peripheral Water of Rural Centralized Water Supply in Hunan Province

Objective To investigate the microbial contamination of rural centralized water supply and explore efficient preventive measures,so as to provide a basis for the improvement of water quality of rural centralized water supply.Methods The drinking water quality of 2,006 centralized water supply points in rural areas of 93 counties(districts) in Hunan Province in 2011 was monitored according to the relevant national standards of water quality testing.The microbial indicators of samples in different conditions were analyzed statistically.Results The total qualified rate of microbial indicators in 4,012 peripheral water samples of rural centralized water supply was 40.28%.The microbial indicators showed statistically significant difference among centralized water supplies with different water treatment processes as well as various water source types(P<0.001).The water quality in the dry season was better than that in the wet season(P<0.001).The total number of colonies was positively correlated with turbidity.Conclusions The total qualified rate of microbial indicators in peripheral water of rural centralized water supply is related to the factors like water treatment process and water source types.It suggests that to improve the quality of rural centralized water supply,water treatment should be integrated,sanitary management of water factory should be strengthened,water source protection should be promoted,and health education should be popularized in rural areas.