一种复方苯扎溴铵消毒剂的毒效应研究

目的研究一种复方苯扎溴铵消毒剂的毒性效应,了解苯扎溴铵作为消毒剂使用的生物安全性。方法采用急性经口毒性、多次完整皮肤刺激试验、一次破损皮肤刺激试验、微核试验和亚急性毒性试验进行观察。结果本研究中昆明种雌、雄小鼠的急性经口LD50均大于5 000 mg/kg.bw;在兔多次完整皮肤刺激试验中,复方苯扎溴铵消毒剂多次接触动物完整皮肤未引起动物皮肤刺激反应;在兔一次破损皮肤刺激试验中,对白色家兔的皮肤无刺激性;复方苯扎溴铵消毒剂对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验结果为阴性;在亚急性毒性试验中,动物经过28 d喂养后,试验各剂量组实验动物生长发育良好,体重增加正常,与正常对照组相比较,差异无统计学意义;各剂量组实验动物血常规和血生化指标与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义;实验动物各脏器均未见明显病理改变。结论该复方苯扎溴铵消毒剂在本次试验条件下,急性经口毒性属实际无毒级;对皮肤刺激属于无刺激性物质;小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验结果为阴性;也未显示对大鼠有亚急性毒性作用。提示该消毒剂的正常使用是安全的。

Research on Toxic Effects of a Compound Benzalkonium Bromide Disinfectant

Objective To study the toxic effects of a compound benzalkonium bromide disinfectant and to investigate the bio-safety of the use of benzalkonium bromide as a disinfectant.Methods Acute oral toxicity,repeated skin irritation test,once damaged skin irritation test,micronucleus test and subacute toxicity test were conducted.Results The acute oral LD50 of the test substance in male and female Kunming mice was greater than 5,000 mg/kg·bw.The compound benzalkonium bromide disinfectant produced no irritation on intact skin and injured skin of rabbits.The result of the mouse bone marrow cell micronucleus test was negative.In the subacute toxicity test,after 28 d oral administration of the test substance,the growth and development of the rats in each dose group were good.The body weight gain,indexes of the routine blood test and blood biochemical test showed no significant difference between rats in each dose group and the control group.The main organs of the experimental animals showed no obvious pathological changes.Conclusions In this experiment condition,the acute oral toxicity of the compound benzalkonium bromide disinfectant is at the actual non-toxic level.Skin irritation tests show it is a non-irritant substance.The result of the mouse bone marrow cell micronucleus test is negative.It does not produce subacute toxicity in rats.The results suggest that the normal use of the disinfectant is safe.