老年糖尿病患者的饮食控制方法及效果分析

目的探讨老年糖尿病患者的饮食控制方法及效果。方法将医院2011年6-12月收治的100例二型糖尿病患者分为观察组和对照组,对照组采用常规管理,观察组在对照组的基础上加强饮食控制,比较两组的干预前后营养素、血糖、血脂和并发症的变化。结果观察组在能量、蛋白质、脂肪、糖类的控制方面显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组干预后空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hFBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)的含量均较治疗前显著改善,但观察组的改善效果显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。且观察组干预后的并发症显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论饮食控制有利于加强对营养素的控制,改善血糖、血脂水平,减少并发症,提高老年糖尿病患者的生活质量。

Analysis on Method and Effect of Dietary Control on Aged Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Objective To explore the method and effect of dietary control on senile diabetic patients. Methods One hundred patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus hospitalized in the Fourth Hospital of Qinhuangdao City from June to December 2011 were divided into observation group and control group. Control group was given conventional management, while observa- tion group received diet nursing intervention on the basis of conventional management. Before and after the intervention, the changes of nutrients, blcod glucose, blc~ lipid and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The con- trol of energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate in observation group was significantly better than that in control group （P 〈 0.05）. After the intervention, the levels of fasting blcxxt glucose （FBG）, 2h postprandial plasma glucose （2hFBG）, glycosylated hemoglobin （HbAlc）, total cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG）, high- density lipoprotein （HDL- C） and low- density li- poprotein （LDL-C） in the two groups were improved significantly as compared with before the intervention, but the improve- ment effect of observation group was significantly superior to that of control group （ P 〈 0.05）. And after the intervention, the complications of observation group were significantly less than those in control group （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Diet control is conducive to enhancing the nutrients control, improving the levels blood glucose and blo lipid, reducing the complications, and improving the quality of life of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus.