Subjective effects of khat chewing in humans |
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| Authors: | P Nencini A M Ahmed A S Elmi |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Medical Pharmacology, University “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy;2. Department of Community Medicine, National University of Somalia, Mogadishu, Somalia;3. Department of Pharmacology, National University of Somalia, Mogadishu, Somalia;1. Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA;2. Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Anxiety and Health Research Laboratory and Substance Use Treatment Clinic, USA;1. Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Nicotine Addiction, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States;2. University of Pennsylvania-Rutgers University Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, Philadelphia, PA, United States;3. Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States;4. Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Publich Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States;1. National School of Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain;2. Biomedical Research Center Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain;3. Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain;4. Health Research Institute of San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain;1. Discipline of Pharmacology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;2. Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;3. ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;4. Drug Design and Synthesis Section, NIDA, Rockville, MD, USA |
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| Abstract: | The subjective effects of Khat (Catha edulis) chewing were studied in 14 male somali, habitual khat users, by means of the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI) questionnaire and of visual analogue scales concerning mood and appetite. Results show that euphoria, improved intellectual efficiency and alertness were associated with khat consumption in 10 subjects. In contrast, the remaining 4 subjects experienced only dysphoria and mild sedation. These latter effects were present in all the subjects in the post-chewing period. In spite of these subjective differences, blood pressure and pulse rate increased in all the volunteers studied. As a whole, these results are consistent with the presumed amphetamine-like action of khat, but suggest also a major role of environmental factors in the expression of these actions. |
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