自我护理培训在血液透析患者中的运用与护理效果评价

目的探讨自我护理培训在持续性血液透析患者护理中的作用。方法选择本院2010年3月～2012年1月收治的血液透析患者120例,随机分为对照组60例,观察组60例,对照组采用常规宣讲,观察组在常规宣讲的同时实施自我护理培训,比较6个月后对照组和观察组护理知识掌握情况,肌酐、尿素氮、血红蛋白、清蛋白等血液生化指标变化情况及并发症发生率。结果观察组在嘱医行为、合理饮食、体重控制、情绪稳定方面显著优于对照组（P〈0.05）;观察组肌酐、尿素氮显著下降（P〈0.05）,清蛋白、血红蛋白显著上升（P〈0.05）;可有效减少并发症的发生。结论自我护理培训可提高患者自我护理管理能力,改善患者健康状态,提高生活质量,减少并发症发生。

Evaluation of nursing effect about self-care training in hemodialysis patients

Objective To study the role of self-care training in hemodialysis patients.Methods One hundred and twenty cases of hemodialysis patients from March 2010 to January 2012,were randomly divided into two groups：60 cases with control group and 60 cases with observation group.Conventional preaching was used in the control group,self-care training with conventional preaching in the observation group.Situation of mastering nursing knowledge,creatinine,urea nitrogen,hemoglobin,albumin,blood biochemical parameters and incidence of complications were compared.Results Behavior of medical order,proper diet,weight control,emotional stability were significantly superior in the observation group （P0.05）,creatinine,blood urea nitrogen significantly decreased （P0.05）,albumin,hemoglobin significant rised （P0.05）,and it was effective in reducing complications.Conclusion Self-care training can improve self-care management capacity,health status and quality of life in hemodialysis patients,and can reduce complications.