Suppressor of cytokine signalling‐1 induces significant preclinical antitumor effect in malignant melanoma cells

Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, responsible for the majority of skin cancer‐related deaths. Metastatic melanoma is resistant to surgery, radiation or chemotherapy, and an effective therapy has not yet been established. Our study investigated the therapeutic potential of the suppressor of cytokine signalling‐1 (SOCS‐1), an endogenous inhibitor of the intracellular cytokine signalling pathway, for treating melanoma. Adenovirus vectors encoding the SOCS‐1 gene were used to overexpress SOCS‐1 in three melanoma cell lines (G361, SK‐MEL5 and SK‐MEL28). In G361 and SK‐MEL5, overexpression of SOCS‐1 significantly reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we indicated that the antiproliferative effect of SOCS‐1 correlated not only with decreased levels of the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 but also with increased levels of p53 expression and phosphorylation. These findings indicate the potential for clinical use of SOCS‐1 for melanoma treatment.