大鼠吸烟致慢性支气管炎模型气道炎症研究

目的 建立大鼠慢性支气管炎形成过程系列模型,探讨早期不同阶段炎症细胞浸润的特点。方法 混合烟雾吸入法建立慢性支气管炎形成的系列发展模型;HE染色观察不同阶段的病理形态学改变并进行半定量评分。光镜下行支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)和外周血炎症细胞计数和分类,生化测定肺组织和外周血髓过氧化物酶(MPO)的活性。结果 随着烟雾刺激时间的增加,大鼠气道炎症病损逐渐加重,至第7周形成慢性支气管炎典型病理变化,BALF中炎症细胞总数、淋巴细胞百分比呈增加趋势(P<0.05),与气道病理变化呈正相关。中性粒细胞百分比在1周时处于较高水平(PO.05)。肺组织MPO活性呈逐渐增加趋势,与气道病理变化呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论 混合烟雾吸入法大鼠模型用于研究慢性支气管炎炎症的发生发展简便、可靠;半定量分析的形态学评价为其提供了更客观的方法。大鼠慢性支气管炎形成过程早期,支气管管腔内炎症细胞类型符合慢性炎症的特点。

Study of inflammatory cells in BALF of smoke-induced chronic bronchitisrat model

Objective To establish a smoke-induced chronic bronchitis sequential rat model and evaluate the pathological change semi-quantitatively, and to study the characteristics of the inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in various stages. Methods Chronic bronchitis sequential rat model was established by passive inhalation of smoke mixture. After being stained with hematoxylin and eosin, the specimens were studied by the semi-quantitative method to evaluate the morphologic changes in various stages. Meanwhile, the inflammatory cells of BALF and the activity of myeloperoxidase ( MPO) of lung tissue were analysed. Results During the process of chronic bronchitis, the pathologic score was increasing as time went on, and the typical morphologic changes of chronic bronchitis emerged 7 weeks later. The total number of the inflammatory cells in BALF were increasing as time went on, and correlated with the pathologic scores (P< 0. 05 ). The percentage of lymphocyte increased as well as correlated with pathologic scores (P< 0. 05) , whereas that of macrophage decreased and negatively correlated with the pathologic scores (P< 0. 05 ). The MPO level of the lung tissue was correlated with the pathologic scores (P< 0. 01) . But the percentage of neutrophil in BALF was just at a high level during the first week and then maintained relatively lower, Conclusion Smoke-induced chronic bronchitis is a slowly progressive inflammation process. The model we established is convenient and simple for longitudinal study on the inflammatory process of chronic bronchitis and the therapy in the early stage. The semi-quantitative evaluation for the pathological change provides much more objective value. During the sequential inflammatory process of chronic bronchitis in early stage, the cellular characte- ristics are similar to that of common chronic inflammation.