珠海市外来工艾滋病/性病健康教育干预模式分析

目的评价不同健康教育模式对外来工艾滋病/性病知识、态度和行为的干预效果。方法在珠海4个工业区随机选择8个电子生产企业的外来工进行基线调查后,随机分成4组,3个干预组和1个对照组,分别使用小媒介干预、人际干预和综合干预的方式对3个干预组进行为期3个月的干预,干预结束6个月后对研究对象进行问卷调查,将两次调查的结果进行比较。结果干预前,媒介组、人际组、综合和对照组艾滋病/性病知识和态度得分无统计学差异（F≤1.35,P〉0.05）,干预后媒介组、人际组、综合组与对照组相比,知识和态度得分都有提高（F≥5.23,P〈0.01）,人际组和综合干预组的研究对象态度得分与其他组相比有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;干预后,综合组和人际干预组发生商业性关系时每次均使用安全套比例增加,与干预前相比差异有统计学意义（χ2分别为8.47和11.65,P均〈0.05）。结论不同干预模式对外来工艾滋病/性病健康教育有不同的干预效果,其中人际宣传对知识的干预效果最好,综合干预对于促进健康行为的建立效果明显。

Analysis on intervention models on health education for floating workers on AIDS/STD in Zhuhai

Objective To evaluate the effects on different intervention models of health education on knowledge,attitude and practice related to AIDS/STD among floating workers.Methods Floating workers were randomly selected from 8 electronic corporations in 4 industrial areas of Zhuhai.All workers selected were grouped into four,including three intervention groups and one control group.Small media intervention,interpersonal intervention and integrated intervention were used respectively for a three-month period in three intervention groups.A questionnaire survey was conducted after six months.The data were compared with those from baseline survey.Results There was no significant difference(F=1.19 and 1.35,P>0.05)in scores of knowledge and attitude related to AIDS/STD between every intervention group and control group before intervention.After intervention,the knowledge scores of all intervention groups were improved than that of control group.Attitude scores of interpersonal and integrated intervention were significantly difference from other two groups(F=5.23,P<0.01).The proportion of using condoms in all intervention groups increased markedly after intervention than before,with statistical significance(P<0.01).Conclusion The effects on different intervention models were different in health education of AIDS/STD in floating workers,of which the interpersonal propaganda model had the best effect on increasing knowledge about AIDS/STD and the integrated intervention model had obvious effects on establishing healthy practice.