吸烟、饮酒与白内障关系的研究进展

在世界范围内白内障是导致失明的主要原因,随着人口的增长,这个问题越来越突出。研究已证实的白内障发生的危险因素包括年龄的增长、遗传因素、吸烟、糖尿病、紫外线暴露。研究者们对饮酒与白内障关系进行了一些流行病学研究,但这些研究得出的结论并不一致。虽然乙醇和白内障发生之间的病理生理学机制还不十分清楚,但是已有的研究结果较多的支持饮酒和白内障发生之间有联系。这篇综述里的十二个流行病学调查研究结果显示吸烟是白内障发生的危险因素。吸烟对核性白内障的发生影响最大,可使发生危险显著增加。对后囊膜下白内障的影响其次,对皮质性白内障的发生影响较小。吸烟与白内障的发生存在因果关系。

The Progress of Research on Alcohol,Smoking and Cataracts

Cataract is the leading cause of blindness in the world.As the world's population ages,visual impairment due to cataract is on the increase.The stimulating challenges are to prevent or delay cataract formation.The causes of cataract include age,hereditary factors,smoking,diabetes and ultraviolet(UV) exposure.There are some epidemiologic studies to investigate the relationship between alcohol drinking and cataract.However,the findings on the association between cataract and alcohol consumption are inconsiste...