急性氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂中毒诊断标准的探讨

本文报告两个呋喃丹生产车间现场调查和中毒病例临床观察的结果。通过对25例次急性呋喃丹中毒患者和两组接触工人的临床、血液胆碱酯酶活性和尿代谢产物测定资料的分析,结合国内外文献,对急性氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂中毒的诊断及分级提出初步看法。

Studies on Diagnostic Criteria for Occupational acute Carbamate Insecticides poisoning

The acute effects of carbofuran on workersin two plants of 3% granular formulation werestudied. The average airborne carbofuren con-centrations ranged from 0.025 to 1.115mg/m~3sad 0.020 to 0.067 mg/m~3 in plant A andplent B, respectively. The after-work bloodcholincsterase activity was significantly de-creased than that of before-work in the workersof plant A. No difference of enzyme activitywas found before and after work in the work-ers of plant B. During the investigations from1986 to 1988, 25 cases of acute carbofuran in-toxication were diagnosed accerding to theircliuical aspects and the inhibited cholinester-ase activiiy in blood. The clin cal observationsand the determination of cholinesterase activityillustrate that rapid onset, mild illness andquick recovery are the clinical characteristicsof acute carbofuran poisoning. Based on theabove results and modern concept in the li-terature both home and abroad, the diagnosticcriteria for acute carbamate insecticides poison-ing heve been proposed.