寄生虫感染与预防知识的关系

对上海郊区１０个县１２个整群抽样点的５４７９人进行了寄生虫病预防知识和粪便检查的调查。结果表明居民的预防知识平均为４１．８６分（满分为１１０分）；男性的分数显著地高于女性（ｔ＝５．２５，Ｐ＜０．０１），平均分数随着文化程度的升高而上升；不同年龄分组中，又以１５岁组的分数最高。粪便检查结果表明，总感染率为５２．２％；男女性别间无显著性差异；感染率随文化程度的增高而下降；５岁年龄组感染率最高。寄生虫虫种以蛔虫、鞭虫和蛲虫为主，各抽样点的常见寄生虫感染率及总感染率经反正弦函数转换后与平均分数的分析结果表明，蛔虫蛲虫感染率均与平均分数有相关关系；列出了相应的回归方程式。

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RATE OF PARASITIC INFECTION AND THE KNOWLEDGE OF PREVENTION

The relationship between the rate of parasitic infection and the level of knowledge of prevention was studied among 5 479 persons allocated to 12 randomly selected groups. Stools were examined for parasitic infection by using Kato Katz, iodine direct smear amd tube culturing methods. Children under 15 were examined for Enterobius infection by cellophane tape method. Individuals were considered infected when any parasite species was found in the stool and the infection rate was computed. The score on knowledge of prevention was measured by devising a questionnaire comprising 11 questions on parasitic disease transmission, clinical signs and prevention methods. Ten marks were given for each question correctly answered. The result of the investigation showed that the total infection rate was 52.2% and there was no significant difference between males and females (X 2=1.04, P >0.05). The infection rate increased with a decrease in the level of education and the highest was found in 5 year old age group. There were altogether 7 species of parasites detected in all age groups. The infection rate of Ascaris lumbricoides was 31.3%; Trichuris trichiura , 34.1%; hookworm, 5.3%; Enterobius vermicularis , 20.3%(227/1 117); Fasciolopsis buski , 0.8%; Entamoeba coli , 0.8%; Giardia lamblia , 0.2%. The average score on knowledge was 41.9, being significantly higher in males than in females. Analysis for the age distribution showed that the highest score was found in 15 year old age group. The data of infection rate of different parasites were converted by arcsine transformation and compared with the average score, showing that there were negative relations between the average score and the infection rate of Trichuris , hookworm, Entamoeba and the total incidence. The value of r was -0.5534, -0.5557, -0.6091 and -0.604. respectively. The number of parasite species infecting individuals was also found to have negative relation to the score on knowledge of prevention.