河南省安阳市1982-2009年麻疹流行特征分析及防控措施探讨

目的探讨安阳市麻疹流行特征,为有效控制麻疹提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对安阳市1982-2009年麻疹监测资料进行分析。结果 1982-2009年共报告麻疹29 571例,年均发病率21.23/10万,死亡43例,病死率0.15%。整个发病趋势呈从高到低而后回升,分为3个阶段,第一阶段形成2个高峰之后,1987-1988一路走低,1989年开始回升,一直到1996年基本走平,1997年开始下降,随后每隔1~2年上升一次。安阳市所辖九县(市)区均有病例报告,个别县(市)区发病率较高。发病季节集中在1~5月;1990-2009年人群分布男女性别比为1.3∶1;7岁以下儿童占73.89%;散居儿童占总数的58.21%;2000-2009年病例有明确免疫史者仅为38.62%;IgM抗体阳性率78.24%。结论应加强麻疹疫苗常规免疫接种并提高接种质量,重点加强薄弱地区和薄弱环节的工作,适时在目标人群中开展强化免疫,消除免疫空白点,提高整个人群免疫水平,加强学龄前儿童及外来流动人口的免疫预防管理。

Epidemiology of measles in Anyang,Henan,1982-2009

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Anyang,Henan and provide scientific evidence for improving measles prevention and control.Methods Measles surveillance data were collected from 1982 to 2009 in Anyang,Henan.A descriptive epidemiological method was used for the study.Results 29 571 measles cases were reported from 1982 to 2009 inclusive,with the average annual incidence rate of 21.23/lakh.43(0.15%)death cases were confirmed.The annual rate of measles incidences varied dur...