骨髓神经组织定向干细胞性组织工程化神经移植修复坐骨神经损伤

目的:为临床周围神经损伤的组织工程化神经替代治疗提供可靠的实验依据。方法:采用体外成功构建的骨髓神经组织定向干细胞(NTCSCs)组织工程化神经,桥接缺损10mm的大鼠坐骨神经。通过术后行为学、神经功能指数分析(SFI)、神经电生理功能检查和HRP逆行追踪,以及对移植至支架的标记细胞在体内的存活、增殖及分化的形态学观察,综合评价损伤神经的功能恢复情况。结果:(1)SFI及神经电生理功能检查显示,NTCSCs组织工程化神经移植能明显促进神经传导功能及运动功能的恢复。(2)HRP逆行追踪结果显示NTCSCs组织工程化神经移植能明显促进神经纤维再生。(3)免疫荧光双标结果显示移植到体内的NTCSCs,从4周到12周,其细胞数显著增加,体内的NTCSCs细胞能分化成少量NSE阳性细胞,但大部分分化成S-100阳性细胞。结论:该骨髓神经组织定向干细胞性组织工程化神经能够有效的促进损伤坐骨神经的功能恢复。

Rehabilitation of sciatic nerve injury by transplantation of engineered nerve based on neural tissue-committed stem cells derived from bone marrow

Objective: To provide the sufficient data for restoring injured peripheral nerve by transplanting tissue-engineered nerve in clinical application. Methods: Based on the neural tissue-committed stem cells derived from bone marrow, the engineered nerves were constructed in vitro, to bridge a surgically 10mm long created gap on the rat sciatic nerve. After operation, the behavior, sciatic nerve function index (SFI), and neural electrophysiological function were evaluated and axon regeneration, and the growth and differentiation of markered neural tissue-committed stem cells were observed. Results: (1)The engineered nerve derived from the neural tissue-committed stem cells obviously facilitated rehabilitation of nerve conduction transplantation and movement. (2)The engineered nerve accelerated regeneration of the nerve fibers. (3)The number of the neural tissue-committed stem cells increased obviously from 4 weeks to 12 weeks in vivo after transplantation. A few NSE positive cells and many S-100 positive cells were observed by double immunofluorescence. Conclusion: Creation of the engineered nerve by neural tissue-committed stem cells derived from bone marrow could significantly promote functional rehabilitation of the injured sciatic nerve.