Measles antibodies in cord blood in Portugal: Possible consequences for the recommended age of vaccination |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;2. Public Health Research Centre, National School of Public Health, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal;3. Agrarian Superior School, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Quinta da Alagoa – Estrada de Nelas, Ranhados, 3500-606 Viseu, Portugal;4. Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n.°228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;5. Health Research Unit of School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Campus 2 – Morro do Lena – Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal;1. National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States;2. Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States;3. Immunization Program, Department of Health, American Samoa Government, Pago Pago, American Samoa;4. National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Tuberculosis Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States;5. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States;1. Department of Medicine, Hutt Hospital, Hutt Valley District Health Board, High St, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand;2. Wellington SCL Microbiology Laboratory, Wellington Hospital, Riddiford St, Wellington 6010, New Zealand;3. Department of Infection Services, Wellington Hospital, Capital and Coast District Health Board, Riddiford St, Wellington 6010, New Zealand;1. Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK;2. Directorate of Public Health and Health Policy, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK;3. Child Health Information Systems, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK;1. Dondena Centre for Research on Social Dynamics and Public Policies, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
The optimum age to give the first dose of measles vaccine must balance the risks of disease and vaccine failure. Both are influenced by the levels of transplacentally acquired maternal antibodies. This study was conducted in the Obstetric service of Portuguese hospital, in 2012–2013. Mothers were recruited after informed consent. Measles IgG was measured in 206 cord sera, using a commercial immunoassay. Geometric mean concentrations (and 95% CI) were 1849 mIU/ml (1196–2857) and 790 mIU/ml (618–1008) in cord sera of newborns from unvaccinated and vaccinated mothers respectively. Maternal age and vaccination status were both associated with the concentration in cord sera, but maternal age was the major predictor. The likely explanation is the same already mentioned in other studies: as a vaccination program progresses, vaccination coverage increases as measles incidence decreases. That results newborns from younger vaccinated mothers having less measles antibodies while the older mothers are more likely to have been infected with the wild virus. As the proportion of vaccinated mothers increase, developed countries tend to anticipate the recommended age of the first dose to 12 months of age. Models using hypothetical measles antibody decay rates in infancy were explored. Anticipating the first dose of MMR1 in Portugal to the age of 12 months might have not been the best decision but results were not conclusive, and arguments supporting or not the anticipation were discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Antibodies Cord blood Measles Recommended age Vaccination |
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