Serological statuses of pregnant women in an urban Brazilian population before and after the 2008 rubella immunization campaign |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N - Tabuleiro dos Martins CEP: 57072-900 Maceió, AL, Brazil;2. Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Rua dos Coelhos, 300 - Boa Vista CEP 50070-550 Recife, PE, Brazil;3. Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde (FPS), Av. Jean Emile Favre, 422–Imbiribeira CEP: 51.200-060 Recife, PE, Brazil;4. Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Avenida Agamenon Magalhães, S/N - Santo Amaro CEP: 50100-010 Recife, PE, Brazil;1. Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, UHasselt (Hasselt University), Diepenbeek, Belgium;2. Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research (CLEO), Athens, Greece;3. Service of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health and Surveillance, Scientific Institute for Public Health, Brussels, Belgium;4. Centre for Health Economics Research and Modeling Infectious Diseases and Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium;5. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;6. Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium;1. WHO Country Office, Hanoi, Viet Nam;2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;3. National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Viet Nam;1. Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand;2. Bureau of General Communicable Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand;3. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;4. Center of Excellence in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;5. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Thailand;6. Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;7. Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand;8. HIV-NAT, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand;9. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;1. Surveillance and Assessment, Alberta Ministry of Health, Edmonton, AB, Canada;2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada;3. Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases (MIID), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;4. Provincial Laboratory for Public Health (ProvLab), Calgary, AB, Canada;5. DynaLIFEDX Diagnostic Laboratory Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada;6. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada;7. Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada;8. Communicable Disease Control, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada;9. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada;1. Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;2. ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;3. Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique;4. Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, BCNatal – Barcelona Center of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundVaccinating populations against rubella aims to mitigate viral circulation and to ensure that women of childbearing age are immunized to reduce the incidence of congenital rubella syndrome. This study determined the serological statuses of pregnant women in an urban Brazilian population before and after the national rubella immunization campaign that was undertaken in 2008, and it assessed the socio-demographic factors associated with seronegativity.MethodsPregnant women living in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil, who participated in a municipal prenatal screening program that involved blood tests for rubella, were assessed between June 2007 and May 2012. Socio-demographic factors associated with seronegativity were assessed, including the year of the blood test, categorized as before or after the 2008 immunization campaign, and the women's birth cohorts, the women's ethnicities, the gestational ages at the first prenatal visit, and the women's districts of residence.ResultsA total of 54,717 capillary blood samples were tested for rubella. The prevalence of pregnant women who were seronegative for rubella declined from 9.4% before the national immunization campaign to 2.8% after the national immunization campaign. Women were more likely to be seronegative for rubella before and after the immunization campaign if they were born between 1990 and 2000 or delayed starting prenatal care.ConclusionsThe decline in the prevalence of pregnant women who were seronegative for rubella to <5% indicates that the 2008 Brazilian rubella immunization campaign was successful in Maceió. |
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| Keywords: | Rubella Seroepidemiological studies Congenital rubella syndrome Immunization Prenatal diagnosis |
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