地震救援官兵心身健康与社会支持的相关性及其干预研究

目的 探讨汶川抗震救援官兵心身健康与社会支持及相关因素的关系,并进行心理干预效果的评价.方法 采用随机整群取样法,抽取152名参加汶川救援官兵和139名非救援官兵进行简易心身健康调查表和社会支持量表测查,并对有明显心身问题者进行相应的心理干预或药物治疗.结果 抗震救援官兵与未参加救援军人在躯体症状、心理症状、心身健康和社会支持各总分的得分为(4.09±4.70)分,(2.18±3.16)分,(6.27±7.08)分,(6.14±4.20)分和(2.11±4.16)分,(1.37±3.09)分,(3.47±6.55)分,(4.57±4.17)分,均差异有显著性(P＜0.05).救援官兵的躯体症状与心理症状呈明显的正相关,r为0.17～0.52(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).社会支持缺乏与心理症状呈正相关,r为0.18～0.40(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).影响救援官兵心身健康的主要因素是社会支持缺乏;救援官兵躯体症状发生率较心理症状发生率高,经心理及药物干预可收到较好的效果.结论 抗震救援官兵心身健康受到不同程度的损害;支持性心理干预及药物治疗可获好的效果.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the relationship between the anti-earthquake military rescuers' psychosomatic health and social support, and observe the effect of intervention to the army men who suffered troubles.Methods By cluster random sampling, 152 military rescuers and 139 army men not taking part in the rescues were investigated by Facility Psychosomatic Health Scale and Social Support Rating Scale. Mental intervention or medication was performed to those produced psychosomatic health. Results The scores of somatic symptoms,mental status,psychosomatic health and social support of military rescuers and the control group were (4.09±4.70) ,(2.18 ±3.16) ,(6.27 ±7.08) ,(6.14 ±4.20) and (2.11 ±4.16) ,(1.37 ±3.09),(3.47 ±6.55),(4.57 ± 4.17 )respectively, the difference was significant(P＜0.05). The somatic symptoms had significantly positive correlation with mental status in military rescuers (r=0.17～0.52, P＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ). Failure of social support had positive correlation with mental disorders (r=0.18～0.40, P＜0.05 or 0.01). The degree of social support was the main factor which had affected on the psychosomatic health of military rescuers. The somatic symptoms of military rescuers were apparently higher than their mental symptoms. Mental and pharmaceutical intervention showed good effect on them. Conclusion There is an apparent effect for military rescuers injured seriously psychosomatic health through medication or mental intervention.

Study on the correlation between the anti-earthquake military rescuers' psychosomatic health and social support and mental intervention

Objective To investigate the relationship between the anti-earthquake military rescuers' psychosomatic health and social support, and observe the effect of intervention to the army men who suffered troubles.Methods By cluster random sampling, 152 military rescuers and 139 army men not taking part in the rescues were investigated by Facility Psychosomatic Health Scale and Social Support Rating Scale. Mental intervention or medication was performed to those produced psychosomatic health. Results The scores of somatic symptoms,mental status,psychosomatic health and social support of military rescuers and the control group were (4.09±4.70) ,(2.18 ±3.16) ,(6.27 ±7.08) ,(6.14 ±4.20) and (2.11 ±4.16) ,(1.37 ±3.09),(3.47 ±6.55),(4.57 ± 4.17 )respectively, the difference was significant(P＜0.05). The somatic symptoms had significantly positive correlation with mental status in military rescuers (r=0.17～0.52, P＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ). Failure of social support had positive correlation with mental disorders (r=0.18～0.40, P＜0.05 or 0.01). The degree of social support was the main factor which had affected on the psychosomatic health of military rescuers. The somatic symptoms of military rescuers were apparently higher than their mental symptoms. Mental and pharmaceutical intervention showed good effect on them. Conclusion There is an apparent effect for military rescuers injured seriously psychosomatic health through medication or mental intervention.