2009年青海省碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群碘营养水平调查

目的 了解青海省碘缺乏病高危地区重点人群碘营养水平，为制订防治措施提供科学依据。方法 2009年，选择以往调查中非碘盐率＞5％的德令哈市和碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率≤80％的久治县、乌兰县、囊谦县、杂多县、格尔木市、玉树县、甘德县、称多县、都兰县以及儿童尿碘中位数＜ 100 μg/L的湟源县共11个县（市）作为监测地区。每个县（市）按东、西、南、北、中抽取5个乡（镇），每个乡（镇）抽取1所学校，每所学校抽取60名学生采集家中食用盐样，采用直接滴定法(GB/T 13025.7-1999)检测盐碘；同时在每个县（市）抽取3个乡（镇）,每个乡（镇）抽取2所学校，每所学校抽取40名8～10岁学生及学校周边20名18 ～40岁育龄妇女采集尿样，采用过硫酸铵消化砷铈催化分光光度法(WS/T 107-2006)检测尿碘。结果 共检测居民户食用盐样3261份，碘盐覆盖率为79.88％,碘盐合格率为95.16％，合格碘盐食用率为76.02％，非碘盐率为20.12％,囊谦县、杂多县、玉树县和格尔木市非碘盐率分别为88.89％、45.05％、43.00％和12.67％。共检测2536名8～ 10岁儿童尿样，尿碘中位数为155.8μg/L，其中尿碘≤50μg/L的占13.6％(346/2536)，＞100 μg/L的占67.5％(1711/2536)，囊谦县和杂多县儿童尿碘中位数分别为75.1、94.6 μg/L;共检测665名育龄妇女尿样，尿碘中位数为129.7 μg/L，其中尿碘≤50μg/L的占22.7％( 151/665),＞100 μg/L的占59.2％( 394/665)，杂多县、囊谦县和称多县育龄妇女尿碘中位数分别为21.0、54.7、72.7 μg/L。结论 青海省碘缺乏病高危地区儿童及育龄妇女存在碘摄入不足，应尽快纠正这些地区儿童和育龄妇女碘营养偏低状况。

Analysis of iodine nutrition of vulnerable population in the high risk region of iodine deficiency disorders in Qinghai province in 2009

Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition level of the vulnerable population in the high risk region of iodine deficiency disorders for providing a scientific basis for the development of effective preventive measures in Qinghai province. Methods The non-iodized salt coverage rate ＞ 5％ of Delingha city, the coverage rate of iodized salt and the rate of qualified iodized salt ≤80％ of Jiuzhi, Wulan, Nangqian, Zaduo, Geermu,Yushu, Gande, Chengduo, and Dulan counties(cities), the median of urinary iodine ＜ 100 μg/L of Huangyuan county of 11 areas were chosen as monitoring area in 2009. Five townships(towns) were selected by their location of east, west, south, north and center in each county (city), and one school was selected in each township (town),and 60 household salt samples were collected in each school, and quantitatively determined by direct titration of iodine(GB/T 13025.7-1999). Three townships(towns) were selected in each county(city), and two schools were selected in each township(town). The content of urinary iodine of 40 children aged 8 - 10 and 20 women of childbearing age aged 18 - 40 was analyzed by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006). Results Three thousand two hundred and sixty-one edible salt samples were tested. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 79.88％.The iodized salt qualification rate was 95.16％. The qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 76.02％. The noniodized salt coverage rate was 20.12％. In Nangqian, Zaduo, Yushu and Geermu counties(cities), the non-iodized salt coverage rate was 88.89％, 45.05％, 43.00％ and 12.67％, respectively. The median of urine iodine of 2536 children aged 8 - 10 was 155.8 μg/L, with ≤50 μg/L about 13.6％ (346/2536), ＞ 100 μg/L about 67.5％(1711/2536), and it was 75.1, 94.6 μg/L in Nangqian and Zaduo counties, respectively. The median of urine iodine of 665 women of childbearing age was 129.7 μg/L, with ≤50 μg/L about 22.7％(151/665), ＞ 100 μg/L about 59.2％(394/665), and it was 21.0, 54.7, 72.7 μg/L in Zaduo, Nangqian and Chengduo counties, respectively.Conclusions Insufficient intake of iodine exits in children and women of childbearing age in high risk region of iodine deficiency disorders in Qinghai province, which should be corrected as soon as possible.