2010年江苏省城市社区碘缺乏病防治知识电话调查结果分析

目的 调查江苏省城市社区居民自主选择碘盐或不加碘食盐的行为意愿及对碘缺乏病防治知识的认知情况,为决策调整提供依据.方法 2010年,采用电脑随机抽取固定电话号码的方式,在省会(南京)和沿海(南通)两个城市主城区(每个主城区选择2个街道)居民户开展碘缺乏病防治知识电话问卷调查.调查内容包括:在碘盐和不加碘食盐同时供应的情况下,居民选择哪种盐及原因；居民是否知道碘缺乏病的危害及其防治措施；居民的个人信息(仅包括职业类别和年龄段).抽取10％的有效问卷,对关键字段进行复核调查.结果 在南京市和南通市共拨打2021个固定电话号码,获得455份有效问卷.对10.1％ (46/455)的问卷进行复核,总符合率为87.0％(40/46).两市共有73.2％(333/455)的应答者在碘盐和不加碘食盐同时供应的假设下选择购买碘盐；有69.0％(314/455)的应答者听说过碘缺乏病,其中79.6％ (250/314)的应答者知道碘缺乏的危害是地方性甲状腺肿,10.8％(34/314)的应答者知道碘缺乏会导致不同程度的智力损伤；对碘缺乏病的预防方法,有69.4％(218/314)的应答者知道吃碘盐,有41.1％(129/314)的应答者知道吃紫菜、海带可以防治碘缺乏.结论 江苏省城市社区碘缺乏病防治健康教育、健康促进成效显著,但仍然存在部分群众防治意识模糊的现象.在现行盐业管理体制下,尚不宜过早放开碘盐和不加碘食盐市场并轨供应.

Analysis of a random telephone survey result of knowledge in prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders in urban communities of Jiangsu province in 2010

Objective To provide updated recommendations for further adjustment of iodine deficiency disorders control strategy by evaluating awareness of the dangers of iodine deficiency disorders and their prevention and control measures among local residents and the willingness of choosing iodized or non-iodized salt in urban communities of Jiangsu province.Methods Trained health service workers did questionnaire investigation on iodine deficiency disorders prevention knowledge by calling computer-randomly selected family telephone numbers in every two blocks of provincial capital (Nanjing) and coastal city (Nantong) in Jiangsu province in 2010.The survey topics covered include:when supplied with both non-iodized and iodized salt,what kind of salt the local residents chose and the reasons; residents awareness of the dangers of iodine deficiency disorders and their prevention and control measures; resident's personal information(including only occupational category and age group).Key fields were rechecked from 10％ randomly selected valid questionnaires.Results Four hundred and fifty-five valid questionnaires were obtained by calling 2021 randomized telephone numbers in Nanjing and Nantong cities.After 10.1％(46/455) of the valid questionnaires were rechecked,the total coincidence rate was 87.0％(40/46).In the two cities,there were 73.2％ (333/455) of those 455 respondents saying they would choose iodized salt when iodized and non-iodized salt were supplied at the same time.There were 69.0％(314/455) of respondents had heard of iodine deficiency disorders,of which 79.6％(250/314) of them were aware of the dangers of iodine deficiency is endemic goiter,and 10.8％ (34/314) of them knew that iodine deficiency can cause varying degrees of mental damage.With respect to useful preventive methods of iodine deficiency disorders,there were 69.4％ (218/314) respondents know that eating iodized salt,and 41.1％ (129/314) respondents know that taking laver or kelp would prevent iodine deficiency disorders.Conclusions Remarkable achievements on iodine deficiency disorders health promotion and health education have been gained in urban communities of both the provincial capital and the coastal city Jiangsu province.However,some of the people are still not very clear why we should eat iodized salt.Salt industry in the current management system,is still premature to provide iodized salt and non-iodized salt simultaneously now.