神经干细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤的研究现状

脊髓完全横断性损伤引起的永久性神经功能障碍的治疗,目前还没有很有效的方法。文章介绍了对神经干细胞培养、神经干细胞表型控制及神经干细胞移植等方法的分析,介绍了神经干细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤的研究现状。目前神经干细胞移植的动物实验主要致力于提高轴突再生能力、替代细胞成分、阻止脱髓鞘和使髓鞘再生等方面,具有促进感觉及运动功能恢复的客观结果,有些甚至已经进入了临床实验阶段。不过神经干细胞的成功应用还受到很多因素的影响,诸如移植剂量、细胞生长因子的活力,细胞移植的风险等,尤其是其效果还需要进一步研究、评价,并且需要长时间的随访。关键词：神经干细胞;脊髓损伤;细胞移植

Neural stem cell transplantation for treatment of spinal cord injury

Transverse injuries to the spinal cord lead to permanent neurological deficits. Although no effective therapeutic option is currently available. Studies have introduced the methods of neural stem cell culture, phenotype control and transplantation, and the present state of neural stem cell transplantation for treating spinal cord injury. At present, animal studies on neural stem cell transplantation mainly engaged on axonal regeneration ability, substituting cell constituent, on preventing demyelinaton and demyelination regeneration, and can promote the recovery of sensory function and motor function, as well as some have been used in clinic. Many factors are responsible for the usage of neural stem cell transplantation, such as dosage, activity of cell growth factor and risk of transplantation. In particular, some effects deserve further research and evaluation, and require long-term follow-up.