Application of recombinant Cryptosporidium parvum P23 for isolation and prevention

Cryptosporidium parvum is a coccidian protozoan that causes diarrhea in immunocompromised humans and newborn animals. Billions of oocysts of C. parvum can be released from the infected calves and can contaminate the environment. The severity of the disease depends on the immunological status of the individual. Oocysts of Cryptosporidium are extremely resistant to many environmental stresses, and no effective disinfectant and curative agent against this organism is available. In our study, recombinant C. parvum P23 was prepared for application in the isolation and prevention of cryptosporidiosis. P23 is a glycoprotein that belongs to a family of protein of 23–27 kDa and is believed to be expressed in the different life stages of the parasite. Immunostaining analysis using the indirect fluorescent antibody test showed that P23 could be recognized on the surface of the oocysts. The antibody prepared in rabbit against P23 was bound to Sepharose 4B and used for the isolation of oocysts. The results showed that the prepared column was able to bind specifically only the oocysts. The effect of specific recombinant C. parvum IgY antibody against infection with C. parvum was examined in a mouse model. For this aim, purified egg yolk antibody prepared from immunized hens was used to analyze the protective effect of recombinant P23 specific antibody in immunosuppressed adult mice. The results showed more than 70 % reduction in oocyst shedding after challenge with 1?×?10⁴ oocysts. These results support previous studies of other investigators regarding the protective effect of P23 as an antigen against C. parvum infection and showed that it could be possible to design a passive immunization strategy against C. parvum based on the anti-P23 yolk antibody in animals and immunosuppressed humans.