端粒酶和妇科肿瘤的研究进展

端粒酶是一种RNA依赖的逆转录酶 ,能够延长染色体末端的端粒长度。它由三个主要部分组成———端粒酶RNA亚单位、端粒酶催化亚单位及连接二者的端粒酶相关蛋白。端粒酶激活是细胞永生化和肿瘤形成的关键步骤 ,其活性受到多种因素的调控。端粒酶催化亚单位hTERTmRNA可能是其激活的关键限速步骤。在妇科肿瘤的癌变过程中 ,端粒酶活性不同程度地升高 ,hTERT不断上调。端粒酶及其催化亚单位有可能成为妇科肿瘤筛查的一种重要的肿瘤标志物

Progress in research on the relation between telomerase and gynecological tumor

Telomerase is a kind of RNA dependent reverse transcriptase which can lengthen telomere in the endings of chromosome and it is composed of three major subunits: human telomerase RNA (hTR), human telomerase catalytic subunit(hTERT) and telomerase associated protein(TP1) that links the former two subunits together. Activation of telomerase is the critical step in cellular immortality and oncogenesis. Its activity is controled by many factors. Human telomerase catalytic subunit mRNA may be the critical rate limiting step in the activation of telolmerase. In the process of carcinogenesis of gynecological tumor , telomerase activity elevates at varying degrees, the expresson of hTERT is up regulated continuously. Telomerase and it's catalytic subunit hTERT may become important tumor markers for the screening of gynecological tumors.