大鼠骨骼肌异位移植寄养后运动神经植入的电生理研究

目的探讨大鼠骨骼肌异位移植寄养后运动神经植入促进神经再生的作用。方法取鼠龄8个月的健康雄性SD大鼠60只，随机均分为三组：即对照组、原位再植组及异位移植寄养组。对照组：切断支配右侧股薄肌的闭孔神经，造成肌肉失神经支配；原位再植组；切取右侧股薄肌，再回植于原位，闭孔神经植入肌肉；异位移植寄养组：切取右侧股薄肌，移植寄养于左侧股部，闭孔神经植入肌肉。术后25周，采用神经肌电图仪收集各组的神经电生理信息，观察股薄肌大体形态并测量肌湿重。结果对照组股薄肌呈失神经电位；异位移植寄养组和原位再植组相比，神经肌肉电位潜伏期、波幅和神经传导速度差异均无统计学意义（P〉0、05）。对照组股薄肌萎缩明显，肌湿重为158．0±19．3mg；异位移植寄养组与原位再植组股薄肌萎缩不明显，肌湿重分别为509．6±14．5mg和516．8±12．7mg，二者差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），但均大于对照组，且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论运动神经植入能有效防止或减轻异位移植寄养的骨骼肌失神经性萎缩，有助于恢复神经、肌肉的部分功能。

ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY ON MOTOR NERVE IMPLANTATION AFTER ECTOPIC TRANSPLANTATION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE IN RAT

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of motor nerve implantation after ectopic transplantation of skeletal muscle on nerve regeneration in rat. METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dewley male 8-monthold rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, in situ implantation group and ectopic transplantation group. In control group, obturator nerve controlling right gracilis was cut off. In in situ implantation group, the right gracilis was cut off and replanted to its original site, and the obturator nerve was implanted to the muscle. In ectopic transplantation group, the right gracilis was cut off and transplanted to the muscle of the left leg, and the obturator nerve was implanted to the muscle. After 25 weeks, the neurophysiological information was collected through electromyography and the weight of the muscle was measured. RESULTS: The potential without control of the nerve existed in control group. There were no significant differences in latency, amplitude and conduct velocity between in situ implantation group and ectopic transplantation group (P > 0.05). The atrophy of gracilis was dominant in control group, the weight of the muscle was 158.0 +/- 19.3 mg. The weights of the muscle were 509.6 +/- 14.5 mg in ectopic transplantation group and 516.8 +/- 12.7 mg in in situ implantation group, showing no significant difference (P > 0.05). The weights of the muscle in in situ implantation and ectopic transplantation group were larger than that in control group, showing significant difference (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Motor nerve implantation after ectopic transplantation of skeletal muscle could prevent the atrophy of the muscle and resume partial function of nerve.