Age and sex-related differences in 431 pediatric facial fractures at a level 1 trauma center |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Prof. Max Heiland, MD, DMD, PhD), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany;2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Dr. Ibrahim Nurwali, DMD), Taibah University, Medinah, Saudi Arabia;1. Department of Orthodontics, UNICID (University of São Paulo City), São Paulo, SP, Brazil;2. Laboratory of Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, UNICAMP (University of Campinas), Campinas, SP, Brazil;3. Department of Neurology, UNICAMP (University of Campinas), Campinas, SP, Brazil;1. Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, and Burn Unity Hospital de São João, Porto Medical School, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4202-451 Porto, Portugal;2. CMUP – Center for Mathematics of University of Porto, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;3. Spinal Neuronal Networks Group, IBMC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal;1. Group of Research and Study on Laser in Dentistry (GEPLO), Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Division of Periodontics, São Paulo State University, UNESP (“Univ. Estadual Paulista”), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil;2. Department of Periodontics, University Center of the Educational Foundation of Barretos (UNIFEB), Barretos, SP, Brazil;3. Department of Clinic and Surgery, Federal of University Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil;4. Department of Basic Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP (“Univ. Estadual Paulista”), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil;1. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University Changwon Samsung Medical Center, Changwon, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea |
| |
| Abstract: | IntroductionAge and sex-related changes in the pattern of fractures and concomitant injuries observed in this patient population is helpful in understanding craniofacial development and the treatment of these unique injuries. The goal of this study was to examine all facial fractures occurring in a child and adolescent population (age 18 or less) at a trauma center to determine any age or sex-related variability amongst fracture patterns and concomitant injuries.MethodsAll facial fractures occurring at a trauma center were collected over a 12-year period based on International Classification of Disease, rev. 9 codes. This was delimited to include only those patients 18 years of age or younger. Age, sex, mechanism, and fracture types were collected and analyzed.ResultsDuring this time period, there were 3147 patients with facial fractures treated at our institution, 353 of which were in children and adolescent patients. Upon further review 68 patients were excluded due to insufficient data for analysis, leaving 285 patients for review, with a total of 431 fractures. The most common etiology of injury was assault for males and motor vehicle accidents (MVA) for females. The most common fracture was of the mandible in males and of the orbit in females. The most common etiology in younger age groups includes falls and pedestrian struck. Older age groups exhibit a higher incidence of assault-related injuries. Younger age groups showed a propensity for orbital fractures as opposed to older age groups where mandibular fractures predominated. Intracranial hemorrhage was the most common concomitant injury across most age groups.ConclusionThe differences noted in etiology of injury, fracture patterns, and concomitant injuries between sexes and different age groups likely reflects the differing activities that each group engages in predominantly. In addition the growing facial skeleton offers varying degrees of protection to the cranial contents as force-absorbing mechanisms develop. |
| |
| Keywords: | Adolescent Child Facial bones/injuries Infant Humans Multiple trauma/epidemiology/etiology/mortality |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
