晚期早产儿与足月新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的母体高危因素比较

目的 探讨在晚期早产儿及足月新生儿之间新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的母体高危因素差异。方法选择339例新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征患儿，根据胎龄分为晚期早产儿组(184例)和足月儿组(155例)，回顾性分析其母体高危因素差异。结果两组新生儿均以男性患儿居多，孕母妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、胎盘因素、多胎妊娠在晚期早产儿组比例较高，而羊水混浊在足月儿组比例较高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。晚期早产儿组与足月儿组在孕母年龄、孕母糖尿病、脐带因素、剖宫产概率、分娩方式方面比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论晚期早产儿与足月儿之间呼吸窘迫综合征高危因素存在差异，对有新生儿呼吸窘迫征高危因素的孕妇和胎儿进行全方位评估，针对其对应的高危因素采取有效措施或提早干预，预防和减少新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的发生。

The maternal risk factors of respiratory distress syndrome in late preterm infants and full-term infants

Objective To investigate the maternal risk factors of respiratory distress syndrome in late preterm infants and full-term infants. Methods A total of 339 hospitalized newborns with respiratory distress syndrome were selected and divided by gestational age into late preterm infants group (34 to 37 weeks, n=189) and full-term infants group (≥37weeks, n=155). Retrospectively analysis was performed for their maternal high risk factors. Results More male neonates were revealed in both groups. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes, placental abnormalities, and multiple pregnancy were significantly more common in late preterm infants group; while the proportion of amniotic fluid muddy was significantly higher in the full-term infants group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in maternal age, matenal diabetes, umbilical cord abnormality, cesarean section or delivery mode between the 2 group (P>0.05). Conclusion The high risk factors of RDS in late preterm infants and full-term infants are different, so the pregnant women and fetuses with the risk factors of RDS should be comprehensively evaluated for early prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.