Evaluation of serum biomarkers in nutritional disorders: glycated apolipoprotein B, fasting serum glucose, fructosamine, stable and labile glycated hemoglobin in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects

Glycated apolipoprotein B (ApoB-G), a non enzymatically glycated protein, has recently been associated with myocardial infarction. Our aim is to evaluate, in diabetic and non diabetic subjects, the relationship of ApoB-G with serum fasting glucose, fructosamine, stable and labile fractions of glycated hemoglobin ((S)HbA(1c), (L)HbA(1c), respectively) and insulin. The subjects were recruited from a previous study on ApoB-G and myocardial infarction: 141 of them were studied, 43 with and 98 without diabetes. ApoB-G was measured using a monoclonal antibody, and linear regression and correlation were used for statistical analysis of the data. ApoB-G was higher in diabetic than in non diabetic subjects. There was a statistically significant correlation of ApoB-G with triglycerides (r = 0.38, p = 0.01) in diabetic subjects, and with total proteins (r = 0.37, p = 0.0002), triglycerides (r = 0.34, p = 0.0007), and cholesterol (r = 0.23, p = 0.02) in non diabetic subjects. In the most parsimonious multiple linear regression model of ApoB-G on all the other serum variables, there was a statistically significant association of ApoB-G with triglycerides, in both diabetic and non diabetic subjects. The main results of this study suggest that serum ApoB-G is associated with serum triglycerides in both diabetic and non diabetic subjects.