长期住院精神分裂症患者的肥胖与代谢相关障碍

目的了解长期住院精神分裂症患者的肥胖与代谢相关障碍。方法对上海市精神卫生中心分部长期住院的精神分裂症患者作调查，测定其身高、体重及各代谢指标，采用wHO亚洲标准定义肥胖，世界糖尿病联盟全球统一标准定义代谢综合征及中心性肥胖。结果共入组469人，其中男性282人（60．1％），女性187人（39．9％）。平均年龄（54．19±8．85）岁（19-82岁）。53．3％的患者肥胖，77．2％为中心性肥胖，45．8％的患者存在代谢综合征，女性中心性肥胖及代谢综合征患病率高于男性（Х^2=12．391，P=0．000；）（Х^2=19．406，P=0．000），Logistic回归发现肥胖指数、血脂紊乱、高血压与性别、腰围相关，高血糖与腰围相关，代谢综合征与性别及体重指数有关（P〈0．05）。结论在长期住院的精神分裂症患者尤其女性患者中存在较多的肥胖与代谢障碍，精神科医务人员更应关注腰围变化。

Obesity and metabolic problems in long-stay schizophrenic inpatients

Objective To assess obesity and metabolic problems in long-stay schizophrenic inpatients. Methods Long-stay schizophrenic inpatients treated in Shanghai Mental Health Center Branch were investigated. Height, weight and metabolic indexes were measured. The criteria of obesity were based on WHO definition （Asia）, and central obesity and metabolic syndrome on the consensus definition released by the International Diabetes Federation. Results Four hundred and sixty nine（282 male and 187 female） patients （mean age 54.19±8.85 yrs ） were recruited. The prevalence of obesity,central obesity and metabolic syndrome were 53.3%, 77.2 %and 45.8 % respectively, and they were significantly higher in female than in male patients（P〈0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that Body Mass Index （BMI）, lipid abnormality and hypertension were significantly related with gender and waist-circumference. Hyperglycemia was significantly related with waist-circumference only. Metabolic syndrome was significantly related with gender and BMI （P〈0.05）. Conclusions Obesity and metabolic problems occur in many long-stay schizophrenic inpatients, especially in female patients. Much attention should be paid on the waist-circumference of the inpatients.