65例间质性肺疾病临床特征分析

目的分析总结我院呼吸科间质性肺疾病（ILDs）的临床特点。方法对我院呼吸科间质性肺疾病患者的临床资料进行分析总结。结果 1年间共收治ILDs患者65例,临床表现主要为活动后气短（89.23%）,17例肺功能检查DLco均下降,胸部CT可有不同的表现,磨玻璃影（74.55%）,网格影（38.18%）,蜂窝肺（29.09%）,结节影（14.55%）,实变影（14.55%）,支气管扩张影（27.27%）,多以双下肺和胸膜下为著,血气分析以低氧血症（41.27%）为主,P（A-α）O2均有不同程度的升高,支气管肺泡灌洗液细胞计数以中性粒细胞比例增高为主,肺动脉压力亦有不同程度升高。结论间质性肺疾病的临床表现、实验室检查、影像学与肺功能特征等可做出初步诊断。

Analysis of clinical features of 65 cases with interstitial lung diseases

Objective To analyze and summarize the clinical features of the patients with interstitial lung diseases（ILDs）in the respiratory diseases department of our hospital,with a view to increase awareness and better diagnosis and treatment of patients with ILDs.Methods Clinical symptoms,CT or HRCT,pulmonary functional test,blood gas analysis,and laboratory data of 65 cases with ILD were analyzed.Results Main symptoms were as follows：gradually progressive shortness of breath in exertionin 58 cases,dry cough and fatigue in 56 cases,34 cases with hypoxemia,and with or without digital clubbing.Pulmonary function test showed rest rictive ventilatory disorders in 17 cases and decreased Dlco.CT or HRCT showed ground-glass shadow（74.55%）,subpleural lines/reticulation（38.18%）,honeycombing（29.09%）,nodules（14.55%）,consolidation（14.55%）,bronchiectasis shadow（27.27%）,and more under a double lung and under pleura,and blood gas analysis to hypoxemia（41.27%）.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell count with the proportion of neutrophils increased.Pulmonary artery pressure also increased varying degrees.Conclusion From the clinical manifestations,laboratory tests,imaging characteristics and lung function of interstitial lung disease can be initially diagnosed.