输血前传染病感染指标的检查及其临床意义

目的了解受血者在输血前相关传染病的感染情况。方法用微粒子酶免分析法与双感染抗原夹心酶联免疫法对武汉大学人民医院2008年1—12月13072例接受输血治疗的患者检测乙型肝炎全套指标（HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb、前Sl蛋白）、丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗-HCV）、艾滋病病毒抗体（抗-HIV）、梅毒螺旋体抗体（TP抗体），严格按照试剂盒的操作方法与评判标准进行。结果13072例需输血治疗的患者（男6517例，女6555例）中，HBV、HCV、HIV、TP感染分别为1739（13．3％）、170（1．3％）、26（0．2％）、170（1．3％）例，HBV与HCV感染指标同时阳性者26例。结论患者在接受手术或输血前其血清学上述感染性指标已有一定比例的阳性率，说明患者在术前或输血前已有不同程度相关传染性疾病的感染，输血前常规检查4项传染病学指标具有重要的临床意义。

Examination and Clinical Significance of Infectious Diseases Indicators before Blood Transfusion

[ Objective ] To understand the status of related infectious diseases of patients before blood transfusion. [ Methods ] Microparticle enzyme immunoassay （ MEIA ） and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） were adopted to detect all indicators of hepatitis B（ HBsAg,HBsAb,HBeAg,HBeAb,HBcAb,Pre-S1 protein）, Hepatitis C virus antibody （anti-HCV）, HIV antibody （anti- HIV ） , Treponema pallidum antibodies （ TP antibody） of 13 072 blood patients in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University during January-December 2008. The operation strictly obeyed the method and evaluation criteria of kit. [ Results] Of 13 072 patients （6517 cases of male and female 6555 cases） , infection of HBV, HCV, HIV, TP was 1739（13.3% ） ,170（1.3% ） , 26（0.2%）, 170（ 1. 3% ） respectively; 26 were both HBV and HCV positive. [ Conclusion] A certain positive proportion of infection indicators exists in patients before surgery or blood transfusion. It is indicated that patients have infected related disease before surgery or blood transfusion. Screening 4 indicators of the blood infection before blood transfusion has important chnical significance.