一起戊型肝炎爆发的流行病学调查分析

新疆伊宁县潘津乡苏拉宫村于1988年6月~1989年2月发生一起戊型肝炎爆发。全村共发病214例,罹患率为6.15%。发病以青壮年为主,20~24岁年龄组罹患率为17.90%;18~35岁孕妇罹患率明显高于同龄未孕妇女,差别有极显著性意义;孕妇发病较重,其病死率为5.88%,患者流产率为17.64%;黄疸病例占总病例数的76.74%,重症肝炎占2.47%。经流行病学调查、分析,认为饮用被污染的宅渠水,特别是饮生水是造成本次爆发的主要原因。其次,生活接触传播也是不可忽视的危险因素。

An Epidemiologic Survey on a Type E Hepatitis (HE) Outbreak

This article deals with a HE outbreak, which occurred in Sulagong Village, Pan-jin Township, Yining County, Xinjiang. There was a total of 214 patients involved in the village, with an attack rate of 6.15 percent. Among the patients young people formed the majority. The attack rate between 20 to 24 years of age reached 17.9 percent. Attack rate of pregnant women between 18 to 35 years of age was significantly higher than that of the non-pregnant ones. The condition in pregnant patients was rather severe. Their case fatality rate was 5.88 percent and abortion rate was 17.64 percent. By epidemiological investigation, it was shown that the chief contributing cause of the HE outbreak was probably contaminated drinking water, and direct or indirect contact with the patients in the infectious stage was also a risk factor.