1002例普外择期手术住院病人营养状态评价

目的了解普外择期手术住院病人是否存在营养不良，判断营养不良的类型和程度，制定治疗方案，监测治疗效果，对病人预后进行判定。

Assessment of the nutrition status of 1 002 selected operative patients in general surgical department

Objective Appraisal of nutrition status of patients has been recognized to be important. The objective of nutrition assessment is to understand whether the patients are malnutritioned and to evaluate the type and degree of malnutrition for therapy plan, evalnating therapy effects and the prognosis. Methods We treated 1 002 (430 M, 572 F) selected operative cases (aged 15 to 89) within 15 months in general surgical dept of our hospital. Of 1002 eases, 411 have digestive tract disease (benign 181, malignant 230) and 591 have nondigestive tract disease (benign 506, malignant 85). Several nutrition indexes are examined in all patients in three days after hospitalization. Above mentioned indexes included: 1, Anthropometry: WT/HT, TSF, MAC, AMC and GS. 2. laboratory examnation: Hb, Alb, Tf, CHI and TLC. 3. Body fat measurement with bioetectricity impedance method. A special person was responsible for the anthropometry and the collection of 24 hours urine samples. Clinical laboratory of our hospital undertaked the laboratory examination. In assessing the degree of malnutrition, we adopted the criteria that the majority of scholars applied. Measuring body fat was performed using "Body Fat Analysis Appliance" made by Institution of Military Medicine of BeiJing Military Area and its nutrition effect was appraised according to suggested criterion for body fat ( % ) of different aged chinese. Results The incidence of abnormal nutrition indexes: WT/HT ( 18.1% ), TSF ( 25.8% ), AMC ( 22.2 %), GS ( 65.5% ), Hb (51.2), Alb (6.1% ) TG (24.9% ), CHI (47.6% ), TLC (23.7% ), Fat (63.6% ). Among these patients, 42.3 % had 1～2 abnormal parameters, 41.3% and 3～5 abnormal and 11.4 %, 6～8 abnormal. Of all patients with lower Alb, 44 cases ( 81% ) were accompanied with other 3～7 abnormal parameters. Both these results demonstrated that the incidence of malnutrition of surgery inpatients is very high. It' s very important for surgeons to evaluate nutrition status of paitnets before surgery. From present research, no one or a group of examination can diagnose malnutrition perceptively and distinctively. Most of scholars emphasized multiple parameters combination and synthetic assessment. Component of human body is measured by biolelectricity impedance technique, which is a new method applied to clinic in recent years. It's mechanism is to utilize the difference of conductibility between fat tissue and nonfat tissue for evaluating body fat content. Conclusions It's a noninvasive detecting method, simple, quick, safe and economical. It is also favourable for scholars and has widely applied prospect.