小耳畸形分型与父母围孕期危险因素调查研究

目的调查围孕期危险因素对小耳畸形不同分型间的影响。方法选取2013年1月至2015年1月就诊于整形外科医院的600例患者为研究对象,向患者父母进行问卷调查,收集人口学及围孕期危险因素暴露情况。根据小耳畸形分型及严重程度分组,采用卡方、秩和检验行单因素分析,非条件Logistic回归行多因素分析。结果共收集572份问卷。单因素分析表明,性别、妊娠年龄、孕期腹部受外力冲击及孕期接受保胎治疗在不同分型小耳畸形间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析提示,孕期腹部受外力冲击可能是严重小耳畸形的独立危险因素(OR=2.157,95%CI:1.267~3.674),出生体质量在3~5 kg可能是保护因素(OR=0.112,95%CI:0.015~0.841;OR=0.110,95%CI:0.013~0.921)。结论围孕期多种危险因素暴露对小耳畸形发病的严重程度值得进一步关注和探讨。

Investigation of classification of microtia and perinatal period risk factors of parents

Objective To investigate the effect of risk factors during perinatal period on different classifications of microtia.Methods Patients admitted in plastic surgery hospital fromJanuary 2013 to 2015 were involved in this study.Questionnaire surveys were conducted among the parents of children diagnosed with microtia.The demographic information and exposure to risk factors during perinatal period were collected.All subjects were divided into groups according to classification and severity of microtia.The chi-square test and rank sum test were adopted for univariate analysis.The non-conditional logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis.Results A total of 572 questionnaires were collected.The univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in gender,gestational age,external force on abdomen and tocolytic therapy during perinatal period among different classifications of microtia(P<0.05).The multivariate analysis showed that external force on abdomen during perinatal period might be an independent risk factor for severe microtia(OR=2.157,95%CI:1.267~3.674),and birth weight between 3 kg to 5 kg might be a protective factor(OR=0.112,95%CI:0.015~0.841,OR=0.110,95%CI:0.013~0.921).Conclusion The effect of exposure to various risk factors during perinatal period on severity ofmicrotia should be further concerned and studied.