回输外引流胆汁和胰液对胰十二指肠切除术疗效的影响

目的 探讨回输外引流的胆汁和胰液对胰十二指肠切除术疗效的影响.方法 回顾性分析2005年6月至2009年3月滨州医学院附属医院收治的51例行胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料.根据是否回输外引流的胆汁和胰液分为回输组(32例)和非回输组(19例).观察两组患者术后胆汁和胰液日均引流量,手术情况,肠内营养耐受性,肝脏功能及营养状态等指标.应用x2检验、Fisher确切概率法、两独立样本t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验、单因素方差分析等对数据进行统计分析.结果 术后回输组患者肺部感染率为3％ (1/32),低于非回输组患者的26％( 5/19),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).回输组患者自术后4～10 d胰液日引流量显著低于非回输组(t=7.143,9.244,8.808,7.915,6.461,14.097,15.038,P＜0.05),而两组患者胆汁日均引流量比较,差异无统计学意义.营养支持治疗后,回输组患者腹泻发生率为9％(3/32),低于非回输组的37％(7/19),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).回输组达到全量肠内营养支持的平均时间为3d,短于非回输组的4 d(U=145.000,P＜0.05).回输组和非回输组患者术前TBil、DBil、IBil分别为(261±108)、(132±55)、(129±55) μmol/L和(239±92)、(124±46)、(116 +46) μmol/L;营养支持治疗12 d后,两组患者的上述指标分别为(39±19)、(20±10)、(19±9) μmol/L和(55±22)、(29±12)、(26±11) μmoL/L,回输组患者上述指标下降程度高于非回输组(t=7.324,8.437,5.827,P＜0.05).回输组和非回输组患者术前血清前白蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、转铁蛋白分别为(0.261±0.021)g/L、(34.3±2.8) mg/L、(3.08±0.26) g/L和(0.263 ±0.021 )g/L、(33.8±3.5) mg/L、(3.10±0.27)g/L;术后两组患者的上述指标迅速下降,营养支持治疗3d后各项指标逐步回升,12 d后,两组患者的上述指标分别为(0.238±0.025)g/L、(30.7±2.0)mg/L、(2.78±0.19)g/L和(0.222±0.025) g/L、(29.3±2.1)mg/L、(2.63±0.21)g/L,并且回输组患者的上述指标明显高于非回输组(t=4.615,6.097,4.913,P＜0.05).结论 胰十二指肠切除术后回输外引流的胆汁和胰液可提高患者对肠内营养耐受性,降低肺部感染发生率,促进血清胆红素水平降低,改善患者营养状态,具有较高实用价值.

Effects of reinfusion of external drained bile and pancreatic juice on the outcome of pancreaticoduodenectomy

Objective To investigate the effect of reinfusion of drained bile and pancreatic juice on the outcome of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).Methods The clinical data of 51 patients who received PD at the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College from June 2005 to March 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Nineteen patients received external drainage of bile and pancreatic juice ( ED group) and the other 32 patients received external drainage and intraintestinal administration of autologous bile and pancreatic juice (ID group).The daily volume of output of bile and pancreatic juice,intraoperative condition,tolerance of enteral nutrition,liver function and nutritional parameters of the 2 groups were detected.All data were analyzed by using chi-square test,Fisher exact test,independent t test,Mann-Whitney U test and one-way analysis of variance.Results The pulmonary infection rate of ID group was 3％ (1/32) after operation,which was significantly lower than 26％ (5/19) of the ED group (P ＜ 0.05).The output of pancreatic juice in the ID group was significantly lower than that in the ED group since postoperative day 4 ( t =7.143,9.244,8.808,7.915,6.461,14.097,15.038,P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in the daily output of bile between the 2 groups.The incidence of diarrhea in the ID group was 9％ (3/32) after nutritional support,which was significantly lower than 37％ (7/19) of ED group (P＜0.05).The duration of achieving targeted enteral feeding in the ID was 3 days,which was significantly shorter than 4 days of the ED group ( U =145.000,P ＜ 0.05 ).The levels of total bilirubin ( TBil),direct bilirubin (DBil) and indirect bilirubin (IBil) were (261 ± 108 ),( 132 + 55 ) and ( 129 + 55 ) μmol/L in the ID group,and (239 ±92),( 12A ±46) and ( 116 ±46) μmol/L in the ED group before operation.The levels of TBil,DBil and IBil were (39 ± 19),(20 ± 10) and ( 19 +9) μmol/L in the ID group,and (55 ±22),(29 ± 12) and (26 ±11 ) μmol/L in the ED group at 12 days after nutritional support.There were significant differences in the decrease of TBil,DBil and IBil between the 2 groups ( t =7.324,8.437,5.827,P ＜ 0.05 ).The levels of serum prealbumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin were (0.261 ± 0.021 ) g/L,(34.3 ± 2.8 ) mg/L,(3.08 + 0.26 ) g/L in the ID group,and (0.263 ±0.021)g/L,(33.8 +3.5)mg/L and (3.10 +0.27)g/L in the ED group before operation.The levels of serum prealbumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin decreased significantly after operation,and then got increased 3 days after nutritional support.The levels of serum albumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin were (0.238 ±0.025)g/L,(30.7 ±2.0)mg/L,(2.78 ±0.19)g/L in the ID group,and (0.222 +0.025)g/L,(29.3 ±2.1)mg/L and (2.63 +0.21)g/L in the ED group at 12 days after nutritional support.The levels of serum albumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin in the ID group were significantly higher than those in the ED group (t=4.615,6.097,4.913,P＜0.05).Conclusion Reinfusion of external drained bile and pancreatic juice after PD could enhance the tolerance of patients in early enteral nutrition,reduce incidence of pneumonia,promote decrease of serum bilirubin and improve the nutritional status.