护理本科实习生职业决策自我效能及专业典范对职业认同的影响

目的探讨护理本科实习生职业决策自我效能及专业典范对职业认同的影响。方法采取方便抽样法,于2019年12月选取辽宁省某三级甲等综合医院实习的144名护理本科实习生为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、护生职业认同问卷、大学生职业决策自我效能量表和护生专业典范量表对其进行调查。采用两独立样本t检验,单因素方差分析、Pearson相关分析、多重线性回归分析进行统计学分析。本研究共发放144份问卷,回收有效问卷144份,有效回收率为100%。结果144名护理本科实习生职业认同问卷总分为(60.82±10.86)分,职业决策自我效能量表总分为(138.85±22.53)分,专业典范量表总分为(76.56±12.31)分。单因素分析显示,在校期间是否获得过奖学金、就业意向是护理本科实习生职业认同的影响因素(t=2.540,F=8.129;P<0.05)。护理本科实习生职业决策自我效能量表、专业典范量表总分及各维度得分均与护生职业认同量表总分呈正相关(r值为0.446~0.623,P<0.01)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,就业意向、制定规划及专业典范进入回归方程,可解释职业认同46.7%的变异。结论护理本科实习生的职业认同处于中等水平,仍有待提高。高校和实习医院可通过针对性的措施引导护生制定职业规划,通过提高临床老师的专业典范作用来提高护理本科实习生的职业认同。

Influence of career decision-making self-efficacy and professional model of nursing undergraduate interns on professional identity

Objective To explore the influence of career decision-making self-efficacy and professional model of nursing undergraduate interns on professional identity.Methods In December 2019,a total of 144 nursing undergraduate interns from a ClassⅢGrade A hospital in Liaoning Province were selected as the research object by convenience sampling.All interns were investigated with the General Information Questionnaire,Professional Identity Questionnaire for Nurses Students,Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale and the Professional Model for Nursing Students.Statistical analysis was conducted with two independent sample t test,one-way analysis of variance,Pearson correlation analysis,multiple linear regression analysis.In this study,a total of 144 questionnaires were distributed,and 144 valid questionnaires were returned with the effective response rate of 100%.Results Among 144 nursing undergraduate interns,the total scores of the Professional Identity Questionnaire for Nurses Students,Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale and Professional Model for Nursing Students were(60.82±10.86),(138.85±22.53)and(76.56±12.31)respectively.Single factor analysis showed that whether or not they received scholarships and employment intentions during the school period were the influencing factors of the professional identity in nursing undergraduate interns(t=2.540,F=8.129;P<0.05).The total scores and scores of each dimension of the Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale and Professional Model for Nursing Students were positively correlated with the total score of the Professional Identity Questionnaire for Nurses Studentscorrelation coefficients(r)was 0.446-0.623,P<0.01].The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that employment intentions,planning and professional model entering the regression equation could explain 46.7%of the variance in professional identity.Conclusions The professional identity of nursing undergraduate interns is at a medium level and needs to be improved.Universities and practice hospitals can guide nursing students to formulate career plans through targeted measures,and improve the professional model role of clinical teachers so as to increase the professional identity of nursing undergraduate interns.