92例直肠癌手术患者生活质量及其影响因素的分析

目的：探讨直肠癌手术患者的生活质量及其影响因素，为制定有效的措施改善其生活质量提供依据。方法：选取直肠癌术后患者92例，采用自制的调查问卷了解患者的一般情况，通过生存质量核心问卷（QLQ-C30）评价患者的生活质量。分析直肠癌手术患者生活质量影响因素和QLQ-C30量表功能模块的相关性，通过多元逐步回归分析了解影响直肠癌手术患者生活质量的主要因素。结果：直肠癌手术患者的角色功能、社会功能、疲倦、气促、食欲丧失得分显著低于常模，而腹泻、经济困难得分显著高于常模（P＜0.05）。功能模块、总体生活质量和患者心理状态呈正相关而与造口并发症呈负相关（P＜0.05）；造口术后时间和躯体功能、角色功能、社会功能、总体生活质量均呈正相关（P＜0.05）。多元逐步回归分析结果显示，心理状态、造口并发症、造口术后时间是影响总体生活质量的主要因素。结论：临床上应加强心理疏导、健康宣教等改善患者的生活质量。

Analysis of inlfuencing factors and quality of life in 92 patients with rectal cancer operation

Objective:To investigate the life quality and the inlfuencing factors in patients with rectal cancer operation so as to establish effective measures to improve their life quality.Methods:Ninety-two patients were selected after rectal cancer resection and their general conditions were understood by homemade questionnaire, and their life quality was assessed by the core questionnaire of European Organization for research and treatment of cancer (QLQ-C30). The correlation between QLQ-C30 scale function modules and the factors affecting the quality of life in patients with rectal cancer operation was analyzed and the main factors affecting the quality of life of the patients were found by multiple stepwise regression analysis.Results: In the QLQ-C30 scale, the scores of role function, social function, fatigue, shortness of breath, appetite loss were signiifcantly lower while the scores of diarrhea and economic difficulty were significantly higher in patients with rectal cancer operation than in the normal people (P<0.05). The function module and the overall quality of life in patients have positive correlation with psychological status and negative correlation with complications (P<0.05), and the time after colostomy is positively correlated with physical function, role function, social function, and the overall quality of life (P<0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed psychological state, stoma complications and the time after colostomy were the main factors affecting the overall quality of life.Conclusion:Psychological counseling and health education should be strengthened for the improvement of the quality of life of patients.