重金属污染区人群镉暴露水平的估算

目的了解环境镉污染状况和人群镉暴露水平。方法采集当地自产粮食和蔬菜样品进行镉含量检测,同时开展人群膳食调查。结果采集污染区样品833份,对照区样品124份,共完成546人的三日膳食调查。污染区农作物镉含量整体高于对照区。玉米、青菜、土豆和红芸豆是当地居民主要消费食物,青菜是膳食摄入镉的主要来源,污染区高年龄组居民日均摄镉量和累积镉摄入量均已超过WHO建议的允许最大限值,对照区居民未超过限值要求。结论污染区居民镉暴露的主要介质是当地产蔬菜,男性55岁以上(女性65岁以上)人群累积镉暴露已达到WHO建议的健康危害阈值2000mg水平。

Estimation of cadmium exposure level for the residents in metal contaminative area

Objective To investigate situation of environmental cadmium pollution and exposure level of cadmium in general population.Methods Local self-seeded grain and vegetable sample were collected and detected for cadmium content.Dietary survey was carried out in the local resident at the same time.Results 833 samples and 124 samples were collected respectively from polluted area and control area.Three days diet survey were conducted in 546 residents.Cd contents of grains from polluted area are higher than that from control area.corn,rape,potato and kidney bean(dry) are the main food.Rape is the major source of dietary cadmium intake.Average daily Cd intake and cumulative Cd intake of residents in polluted area exceeded the limitation of the cadmium from food recommended by WHO,while control area is under the limit.Conclusion Self-seeded vegetable is the main media of cadmium intake for the local resident in cadmium contaminated area,cumulative Cd intake for male ≥55 years old and for female ≥65 years old had reached 2000mg,which is the threshold for health hazard recommended by WHO.