肺炎支原体对大环内酯类抗生素耐药机制的研究近况

肺炎支原体是社区获得性肺炎的主要病原体。大环内酯类抗菌药物是治疗儿童肺炎支原体感染的首选药物。近年来我国耐大环内酯肺炎支原体比例有所下降,但仍处于高水平。耐药肺炎支原体感染造成患者发热时间、住院时间延长,并有更高的并发症发生率和抗生素治疗方案改变率,因此对肺炎支原体耐药机制的研究还需进一步深入。肺炎支原体对大环内酯类抗生素耐药机制主要与抗生素作用靶点突变、抗生素作用靶点修饰、药物主动外排、酶性失活有关。

Recent research on mechanisms of resistance to macrolides in Mycoplasma pneumonia

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the main pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia. Macrolide antibiotics are the first choice for the treatment of M. pneumoniae infection in children. In recent years, macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae proportion has declined in China, but it is still at a high level. Drug-resistant M. pneumoniae infection causes prolonged fever and hospitalization time, and has a higher incidence of complications and change rate of antibiotic regimen. Therefore, further research is needed on the mechanism of drug resistance of M. pneumoniae. The mechanism of M. pneumoniae resistance to macrolide antibiotics is mainly related to the target mutation of antibiotic action, the modification of antibiotic targets, the active efflux of drugs, and the inactivation of enzymes.