色素上皮细胞移植治疗视网膜变性疾病:问题与展望

近年来对色素上皮细胞移植如PRE移植、自体虹膜色素上皮细胞移植以及干细胞移植等作为视网膜变性疾病的再生性疗法进行了许多研究,为视网膜变性疾病开辟新的治疗途径。色素上皮细胞移植治疗更能直接地解决视网膜的局部问题。然而,多数方法尚处在实验和试验阶段及存在不足与风险,其手术适应证、手术方法、供体细胞来源、伦理问题、移植后细胞存活、免疫、生理功能等多种问题均亟待深入研究。

Pigment epithelial cells transplantation in treatment of retinal degenerative diseases

In recent years,a great deal of studies about pigment epithelial cells transplantations which are regarded as reproductive therapies including retinal pigment epithelial cells transplantation,autologous iris pigment epithelial cells transplantation and stem cells transplantation,broke a new path for treatment of retinal degenerative diseases.Pigment epithelial cell transplantation may treat the local retinal disease more directly.However,most methods are still in the experimental or testing stage and have the shortcomings and risks.Many problems such as the surgical indications,the surgical methods,donor cells,ethical issues, cell survival after transplantation,immunology,physiological functions and so on need to be in-depth research.