X-连锁的肾上腺脑白质营养不良患者ABCD1基因突变分析

目的　分析我国 X-连锁的肾上腺脑白质营养不良 (X- linked adrenoleukodystrophy,X- AL D)患者 ABCD1基因突变。方法　提取 2 5例 AL D患者外周血基因组 DNA,用 PCR扩增和 DNA直接测序的方法 ,分析 AL D患者 ABCD1基因突变。结果　 2 5例患者中发现 18例有 17种不同的 ABCD1基因突变 ,突变存在于除 4、9和 10以外的每一个外显子 ,错义突变为最常见的类型。10例患者有 10种不同的错义突变 ,其中4种错义突变是国际首次报道 ;3例患者有 3种不同的无义突变 ;1例患者有碱基缺失导致移码突变 ;1例患者有剪切部位的碱基缺失 ;2例患者同时具有两个相同的同义突变。结论　我国 AL D患者大部分存在ABCD1基因突变 ,无突变热点。不同个体常有不同的突变点 ,检测到的突变率约为 70 %。突变类型和表型之间无特殊的相关关系。

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy ABCD1 gene mutations analysis in China

ObjectiveTo investigate mutations of ABCD1 gene in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) patients in China. MethodsPolymerase chain reaction and DNA direct sequencing were employed to analyze the 10 exons of ABCD1 gene in 25 ALD patients. ResultsSeventeen mutations in different exons (except exons 4, 9 and 10) were identified in 18 of 25 patients. Most of the mutations were missense mutations, including R182P, G266R, H283D, S404P, N509I, R518G, L520Q, Q556R, S606L and R617C, four (H283D, S404P, N509I, R518G) of 10 missense mutations were novel. Also identified were 3 nonsense mutations (W132X, W242X, W595X), 1 dinucleotides deletion mutation (1414 del AG) resulting in frameshift, and 1 base pair deletion at splice acceptor-site (IVS5-6 del C). Two synonymous mutations (L516L and V349V) appeared simultaneously in 2 unrelated patients, and no other mutations could be found with them in all 10 exons screened. ConclusionThere were no hot spot mutations in ABCD1 gene in China. Mutations inABCD1 gene were found over 70% of patients with ALD in China. The ABCD1 gene mutations identified revealed no obvious correlation between the type of mutation and phenotype.