潜在肝毒性中药的成分研究进展

近年来,中药在科研中所占的比例及其临床上的使用量逐渐增高。其研究价值也越来越大,然而中药在使用过程中随之而来的毒副作用也引起人们越来越多的关注。随着中药毒性研究逐渐深入,一些传统性的无毒中药也被发现有潜在的毒性。除了中草药的本身对肝脏有损伤作用之外。还包括以下原因:1中药在生长、加工、炮制、运输等环节上受到污染或变质也会引起对机体的副作用;2临床上应该以中医理论为指导合理用药,应当遵循对症用药,配伍得当的原则;3患者体质皆不相同,除了少部分品种中药是固有型肝毒性中药外,大部分中药的潜在肝毒性具有特异质型的特征。肝脏在药物代谢中发挥重要的作用,容易受到药物的损伤作用,因此中药潜在肝毒性及其毒性成分研究成为中药研究的基本领域之一。该文在查阅肝毒性文献的基础上,归纳了肝毒性的临床分型,靶细胞损伤发病机制,并且系统的对中药潜在肝毒性成分及其毒性机制进行了一定的总结。以期为中药肝毒性研究提供思路,为中药临床安全用药提供保障。

Research progress on potential liver toxic components in traditional Chinese medicine

In recent years, the proportion of traditional Chinese medicine in scientific research and its clinical use increased gradually. The research result also becomes more and more valuable, but in the process of using traditional Chinese medicine, it also needs to pay more attention. With the gradual deepening of the toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine, some traditional Chinese medicines have also been found to have the potential toxicity, with the exception of some traditional toxicity Chinese medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine in the growth, processing, processing, transportation and other aspects of pollution or deterioration will also cause the side effects to the body. Clinical practice should be based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine to guide rational drug use and follow the symptomatic medication, the principle of proper compatibility. The constitution of the patients are different, except for a few varieties of traditional Chinese medicines are natural herbs with hepatotoxicity, liver toxicity of most of the traditional Chinese medicine has idiosyncratic features. The liver plays an important role in drug metabolism. It is easy to be damaged by drugs. Therefore, the study of traditional Chinese medicine potential liver toxicity and its toxic components has become one of the basic areas of traditional Chinese medicine research. Based on the review of the literatures, this paper summarizes the clinical classification of liver toxicity, the pathogenesis of target cell injury, and systematically summarizes the mechanism of liver toxicity and toxic mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine. This paper provided ideas for the study of potential liver toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine and protection for clinical safety of traditional Chinese medicine.