珠海社区居民健康教育需求评估

目的了解社区居民对健康知识的需求情况,为进一步开展社区卫生健康教育服务提供依据。方法随机抽取试点街道办所辖12个社区居委会的434名社区居民作为调查对象。问卷包括6个方面共22项健康需求内容。结果不同性别对健康需求序位及程度不同,差异有统计学意义。男、女两性对心理健康相关知识的需求均排在首位（男53.9%、女60.4%）;男性对自身健康相关知识的重视程度较高（47.0%）;而女性对如何预防和应对家庭意外伤害的相关知识重视程度高于男性（χ2=4.472,P〈0.05）。男、女两性对自身健康相关知识的需求明显高于对异性的需求（χ^2=13.853、27.298、9.228,P〈0.05）。心理健康相关知识的需求在各年龄段均位列前三位。20岁年龄段的居民以青少年心理健康相关知识的需求为主;21-40岁以如何预防和应对家庭意外伤害及家庭的健康管理相关知识的需求为主;41岁以上的则以身体健康的主要指标及慢性病防治相关知识的需求为主。结论社区居民对健康知识需求迫切,对不同年龄段居民提供健康知识的侧重点应有所不同。开展针对性较强的健康教育与健康促进,是今后长期的目标和主要任务。

Assessment on Demand for Health Education in Community Inhabitants of Zhuhai

Objective To evaluate the demand for health knowledge among community inhabitants of Zhuhai, and to provide evidences for further developing health education in communities. Methods With two stage stratified sampling method, 434 residents were randomly selected from 12 communities of Zhuhai to conduct questionnaire survey, The questionnaire included 6 aspects of health knowledge, which contained 22 items of health demand. Results The order and degree of the health demand were different between the sexes. The demand of knowledge related to mental health was put in the first place both in males （53.0 % ） and females （60.4 % ）. Males paid more attention to health knowledge about themselves （47.0 % ）, while females paid more attention to knowledge about preventing and handling accident injury of family （ x^2 = 4. 472, P〈 0.05 ）, The demand of knowledge related to mental health won the first three places in the ranking among the different age groups. Knowledge about mental health was the main demand among the 20 - year - old residents, Knowledge about prevention and management of accident injury of family and corresponding knowledge about health management of family were the chief demands among the 21 - 24 - year old residents, Corresponding knowledge about the principal markers of health examination and prevention and control of chronic diseases was the major demand in the residents over 41 years old, Conclusions The community residents show anxiety about health knowledge, and health education should focus on the different demands of residents with different ages, Developing directive individual health education and enhancing health service are our longterm objective and major task in future.