晋产道地药材资源及其种植、产地加工与质量标准研究概况

梳理并分析山西代表性道地药材生产技术与质量标准研究现状,以期较为客观地概述晋产道地药材生产与质量标准研究现状,服务于晋药生产、研发与可持续利用。通过文献调研与实地调研研究山西代表性道地药材潞党参、恒山黄芪等资源概况、生态种植(野生抚育)技术、采收加工技术及质量标准研究现状。结果发现晋产道地药材规范化种植技术采用现代农业栽培、生态种植、仿野生栽培技术。采收方法包括人工采收和机械采收2种。药材加工多沿用传统加工方法。中药材合作社多采用传统仓储方式,大型中药材及饮片生产企业采用气调贮藏技术。晋产道地药材质量标准研究方法先进,拟订标准高于2015年版《中国药典》所载标准,并体现了山西道地药材特色与优势。最具代表性的几种晋产道地药材栽培方式体现了生态种植特点,产地加工保留了道地药材传统加工技术特色;晋产道地药材质量优良并且生产规模逐年扩大,在中药产业发展中具有不可替代的作用。

Advance of Medical Plant Source and Technologies for Daodi Medicinal Material Planting, Processing and Quality Control in Shanxi Province

The present review analyzes the status of production technology and quality standard of typical authentic medicinal materials in Shanxi province,in order to objectively summarize the research status of the production and quality standard of medicinal materials in Shanxi province,so as to serve the production,research and development and sustainable utilization of these medicinal materials.The resource situation,ecological planting(wild nurture) technology,harvesting and processing technology,and quality standard of typical authentic medicinal materials in Shanxi province,such as Codonopsis pilosula roots and Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus roots,are studied by literature research and field investigation.The results show that the standard planting technologies for typical authentic medicinal materials of Shanxi,such as modern agricultural cultivation,ecological cultivation and wild imitation cultivation,are adopted.Harvesting methods include manual and mechanical harvesting.Traditional processing methods are mostly used in the processing of medicinal materials.Traditional storage methods are mostly used in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) cooperatives,and the air-controlled storage technologies are widely used in large Chinese medicine and slices manufacturing enterprises.The methods used for the quality control of genuine medicinal materials of Shanxi are advanced,and the quality standards are higher than standards in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia,which embody the characteristics and advantages of Shanxi authentic medicinal materials.In conclusion,the cultivation methods for the most representative medicinal materials of Shanxi embody the characteristics of ecological planting,and the traditional processing techniques of genuine medicinal materials are retained in the local processing.The quality of authentic medicinal materials of Shanxi is excellent and the production scale is expanding year by year,which plays an irreplaceable role in the development of TCM industry.