上海市婚前医学检查女性下生殖道感染现状调查

目的:了解未婚女性阴道清洁度情况及影响阴道清洁度的可能因素、未婚女性生殖道感染(RTI)的知识、态度和卫生习惯,从而提出相应的预防保健措施。方法:选择2002年6～10月前来进行婚前医学检查的未婚女性594名,由经过统一培训的妇产科医师和化验人员对其进行问卷调查、妇科检查和有关专项化验。结果:对象中阴道清洁度异常为3.5％(21/594),滴虫感染率为1.0％(6/594),念珠菌感染率1.7％(10/594)。卫生习惯调查中,每天换内裤的占89.4％(531/594),每天清洗阴部的占91.4％(543/594)。白带异常、外阴痒痛和阴道分泌物检查异常(包括滴虫、念珠菌阳性或清洁度在Ⅲ度以上)者的个人卫生习惯良好率低于无症状者和阴道分泌物检查正常者。对相关知识的调查中,认为白带增多是感染征象的占58.6％(384/594),认为出现白带含血、白带有异味或外阴痒痛是感染征象的占75％左右;认为腰酸痛、下腹痛或性交痛是感染征象的不到50％;如果出现生殖道感染症状,会到医院接受正规治疗的占80.3％(477/594);认为有必要并且应每1～2年检查1次的占96.1％(571/594),如果组织妇女病普查,一定会去的占75.9％(451/594)。结论:婚检对象中生殖道感染发生率低于已婚育龄妇女,未婚女性对生殖道感染知识了解不够,防范意识不强,态度和行为之间存在差异

The Status of the Reproductive Tract Infection among Women Undergoing Premarital Consultation in Shanghai

Objective: To investigate the actual status of vaginal sanitation levels among unmarried women, the potential fac-tors affecting the levels of vaginal sanitation, the unmarried women's knowledge and attitude and sanitary habit towards repro-ductive tract infection(RTI) , the corresponding preventive and healthcare management were recommended. Method: unmarried594 women who didn't make a premarital examination from June to October in 2002 year were collected through ques-tionnaire investigation. Gynecologic examination and related lab test were performed by the trained gynecologist and laboratory technicians. Result: 3.5% (21/594) of all were abnormal vaginal sanitation, 1.0% (6/594) trichomonas vaginal infection and 1.7% (10/594) Monilia infection. As for the sanitary habit investigation, 89.4% (531/594)of subjects would change underwear daily and 91.4% (543/594) would wash the vulva daily. The symptoms including abnormal leukorrhea, vulvae pruritus and abnormal vaginal discharge (such as trichomonas vaginal infection or Monilia infection or vaginal sanitation is lar-ger of equal to the third level) was less frequently in the group with good sanitary habit. 58. 6% (384/594) regarded the ab-normal leukorrhea as the sign of infection, about 75% thought the bloody leukorrhea, smelly leukorrhea and vulvae pruritus, while less than 50% regarded lumbago, pain in lower abdomen and painful intercourse as the signs of infection. 80. 3% (477/ 594) would go to hospital to receive regular therapy once the infectious signs appeared, and 96. 1% (571/594) thought it nec-essary to undergo the routine gynecological screening one year or two years, while only 75. 9% (451/594) would be confirmed to go to hospital once it appeared. Conclusion: the incidence of RTI among women undergoing premarital examination is lower than that among the married reproductive women. Unmarried women have less knowledge, weaker consciousness and different attitude and behavior.