阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停对肺循环的影响

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种常见病和多发病，其对心血管系统包括肺循环和体循环有着重要影响。OSA可引起急性肺动脉高压，主要是由于低氧性肺血管收缩以及机械效应和觉醒状态下的反射性血管收缩，在一些OSA患者中发现了一些长期的改变，这可能是由于大多数患者经常因相关的肺疾病导致日间低氧血症，从而发展成持续的肺动脉高压的结果，但也有证据表明OSA是引起日间肺动脉高压的独立危险因素。现将OSA对肺循环与右心室的已知影响，包括急性和慢性影响作一综述。

Pulmonary circulation in obstructive sleep apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA is a common and frequently encountered disease,which has profound effects on cardiovascular system including pulmonary and systemic circulations.OSA can induce acute pulmonary arterial hypertension,mainly due to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction,mechanical consequences and reflex vasoconstriction on arousal.Long-term changes can be detected in some patients with OSA,and it is likely that in most of these individuals the sustained pulmonary hypertension develops as a result of the presence of diurnal hypoxemia,usually due to associated lung disease.But there is evidence that OSA alone constitutes an independent risk factor for the development of pulmonary hypertension.The arterial reviews what is known about the effects of OSA on pulmonary circulation and the right ventricle,both acutely and chronically.