北京市山区农村生活饮用水用水量现状及其影响因素

目的了解北京市山区农村居民生活饮用水用水量现状及其影响因素,为《农村生活饮用水量卫生标准》修订提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的原则进行抽样。抽取北京市门头沟区永定镇和雁翅镇的6个水厂进行调查;抽取永定镇的万佛堂村、雁翅镇的付家台村103户居民进行居民用水量调查。结果 6家水厂实际供水量全部为生活用水,实际用水量占设计用水量的42.8%。水厂水费计量设施齐全,只有1家水厂收取费用。农村居民每天人均用水量为72.7L/人。付家台村居民家禽、家畜的饲养量和庭院菜地绿化数量高于万佛堂村。在居民住房条件、给排水卫生设备完善程度上和水量具体用途上,万佛堂村用水量高于付家台村。结论近几年北京市在农村水厂基本设施上投入资金较大。农村居民给排水卫生设备不断完善,住房条件、卫生设施接近城镇居民。经济水平的高低、供水时间和收取水费是影响村居民用水量的重要因素。

Water Consumption of Rural Drinking Water in Mountainous Area of Beijing and Its Influencing Factors

[Objective] To understand the drinking water consumption status of rural residents in mountainous area of Beijing and its influencing factors, provide the scientific basis for revision of Hygienic standard for water consumption in rural areas.[Methods]With stratified random sampling, 6 waterworks in Yongding town and Yanchi town of Mentougou district were sampled and studied, and water consumption investigation was conducted in 103 households selected from Wanfotang village of Yongding town and Fujiatai village of Yanchi town.[Results]All of the actual supply water of 6 waterworks were the domestic water, the actual water consumption accounted for 42.8% of the design consumption. The waterworks were very well equipped with the measuring facilities for charge, but only one waterworks charged. The water consumption of rural residents was 72.7 L per capita daily. The number of domestic animal and vegetable fields of the Fujiatai village was more than that in the Wanfotang village. In the aspects of housing conditions, perfection degree of water supply and drainage equipment, actual use of water consumption, the water consumption of Wanfotang village was higher than that of Fujiatai village.[Conclusion]In recent years, plenty of investment was used on the infrastructure of rural waterworks in Beijing. The water supply and drainage equipment in rural areas improved continuously, the housing conditions and hygienic facilities accessed the levels of urban areas. The economic level, time of water supply and charge were the important influencing factors for water consumption of rural residents.