柳州市农村寄宿制中小学校学生膳食与营养状况

目的了解柳州市农村寄宿制学校学生的膳食营养状况，为开展学生营养干预提供理论依据。方法抽取柳州市农村6所寄宿制中小学校学生6000名，采用24h膳食记账和称重相结合的方法进行膳食调查，同时测量学生的身高、体重和血红蛋白含量，评价营养状况。结果柳州市农村寄宿制学校食物品种单一，膳食结构不合理，主要营养素摄取量普遍不足，特别是优质蛋白质、维生素A以及微量元素钙和锌；而食盐摄入严重过量。学生营养不良和较低体重检出率为7．17％和52．32％，贫血患病率为16．39％，除营养不良外，其余均高于全国农村学生平均水平。结论柳州市农村寄宿制学校学生膳食和营养状况不容乐观。营养素摄入量普遍不足，应采取有效措施，促进学生合理膳食，改善其营养状况。

Dietary and nutritional status of boarding students of primary and secondary schools in rural area of Liuzhou City

[ Objective] To understand the dietary and nutritional status of boarding school students in rural area of Liuzhou City, and provide theoretical basis for carrying out nutritional intervention. [ Methods ] A total of 6 000 boarding students of primary and secondary schools in rural area of Liuzhou City were selected. The dietary survey was carried out via dietary billing and weighing. The height, weight and hemoglobin content of students were measured for nutritional evaluation. [ Results] Single species of food , irrational dietary structure, generally inadequate intake of key nutrients, esoeeially for high-quality protein, vitamin A and trace elements calcium and zinc existed in rural boarding schools of Liuzhou City, as well as excessive salt intake . The detection rates of malnutrition and low body weight were 7. 17% and 52.32% and the prevalence rate of anemia was 16.39%, except for malnutrition, the rests were all over the national average of rural students. [ Conclusion ] Dietary and nutritional status of students is not optimistic in rural boarding schools of Liuzhou City. Nutrient intake is generally inadequate. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt effective measures to promote rational diet, so as to improve students＇ nutritional status.