芳香疗法和音乐干预对乳腺癌患者围手术期疼痛和焦虑的影响

目的：探讨芳香疗法和音乐干预对乳腺癌患者围手术期焦虑及疼痛反应的影响。方法：招募湖南省某综 合性三级甲等医院乳甲外科收治的100例接受乳腺癌根治术治疗的患者，将患者随机分为对照组、芳香治疗组、音 乐干预组及联合干预组，每组25例。对照组给予常规护理；在常规护理基础上，芳香治疗组及音乐干预组在手术前 60 min及术后麻醉苏醒拔出气管插管后立即给予芳香干预或音乐干预；联合干预组在常规护理基础上同时给予芳香及 音乐干预。对各组患者在术前30 min(T1)、术后麻醉苏醒拔除气管导管后30 min(T2)及拔管4 h(T3)3个时间点的焦虑、 疼痛进行评分并比较。结果：患者术后(T2，T3)疼痛程度明显高于术前(T1)，与对照组比较，各干预组在T3时间点 疼痛程度明显减轻(P<0.05)；患者术前焦虑状态最明显(T1)，随着麻醉苏醒，患者焦虑状态逐渐减轻，与对照组比 较，各干预组在术后(T2，T3)焦虑程度明显降低(P<0.05)。结论：芳香疗法和音乐干预能减轻乳腺癌患者围手术期的 焦虑与疼痛，使患者在情绪体验及躯体反应两方面获得良好的改善。

Effects of aroma therapy and music intervention on pain and anxious for breast cancer patients in the perioperative period

Objective: To investigate the eff ect of the aroma therapy and music intervention on anxious and pain for the breast cancer patients in the perioperative period and the potential mechanisms. Methods: A total of 100 breast cancer patients who received surgical treatment in the comprehensive hospitals of Hunan province were recruited for this study. Patients were assignedrandomly into a control group, an aroma therapy group, a music intervention group, and a jointtherapy group (n=25 per group). The patients in the control group received regular post-surgical nursery, while the patients from other groups received aroma therapy, music intervention, or both in addition to the regular nursery. The scale of anxiety and pain were measured. The measurements were carried at three time points, namely 30 min before the surgery (T1), 30 min after the recovery period of anesthesia (T2), and 4 hours after the removal of anesthesia tubing (T3). Repeated ANOVA was used to perform statistic analysis. Results: The scale of pain was significantly increased at the post-operation (T2, T3) compared to pre-surgery (T1). The therapeutic group showed significant decrease in pain at post-operation (T3) comparing with the control group (P<0.05). The scale of anxiety was the highest at pre-surgery (T1). During anaesthesia recovery, the anxiety of patients at post-operation T2 and T3 in the therapeutic groups significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Both the aroma therapy and the music therapy can decrease the stress-responsive anxiety and pain for the breast cancer patients in the perioperative period.