小儿病毒性肝炎226例临床分析

目的了解小儿病毒性肝炎的病原、临床分型和临床特点。方法回顾性调查1992年1月-2002年12月我科收治的小儿病毒性肝炎226例。结果226例中甲型肝炎119例，乙型肝炎68例，丙型肝炎5例，戊型肝炎1例，巨细胞肝炎1例，甲型乙型肝炎重叠感染12例，病原不明20例。按临床型别分类，126例为急性黄疸型肝炎，急性无黄疸型肝炎5例，慢性肝炎56例，重型肝炎32例，肝硬化5例，淤胆型肝炎2例。结论小儿病毒性肝炎以急性黄疸型肝炎多见，且以甲型肝炎病毒感染为主，慢性肝炎，以乙型肝炎病毒感染为主。

Clinical analysis of 226 cases of viral hepatitis in children

Objective To understand the pathogens, clinical types and characteristic of viral hepatitis in children. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to review the 226 patients admitted to Department of Infectious Diseases from January 1992 to December 2002. Results One hundred and nineteen of the 226 cases were hepatitis A, followed by hepatitis B (n=68), hepatitis C (n=5), HAV and HBV co-infection (n=12), hepatitis E (n=1) and CMV (n=1). The pathogen was unidentified in the remaining 20 patients. Of the 226 cases, acute icteric hepatitis was dominant (n=126), followed by chronic hepatitis (n=56), severe hepatitis (n=32), acute non-icteric hepatitis (n=5), liver cirrhosis (n=5) and cholestatic hepatitis (n=2). Conclusions The most common clinical type of viral hepatitis in children was acute icteric hepatitis. Hepatitis A was the most prevalent by pathogen. HBV was the dominant pathogen in patients with chronic hepatitis.